Abstract
Cytarabine (Ara-C) is widely used as an effective chemotherapeutic agent, essentially in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Albino male mice (Mus musculus) are used in this study to determine in vivo toxicity of the drug on spermatogenesis and sperm abnormality. Mice are divided into two groups; the experimental group received a dose of 0.33 mg/kg/day Ara-C for seven days, while the control group received normal saline for 7 days. Results indicated a significant increase in head abnormalities percentage (p≤ 0.05) in comparison to control group. Testosterone hormone concentration was significantly decreased (1.14 ± 0.12) ng/ml in treatment group in comparison with control group (2.41± 0.22) ng/ml. Histopathological changes revealed detectable spermatogenesis degeneration. Treatment caused spermatocytes disruption, presence of necrotic cells and appearance of spermiophages with slought cells in several seminiferous tubules. Leydig cells morphology are mostly intact; however, interstitial area appeared hypercellular. It is concluded that Ara-c exposure highly destructive to seminiferous tubule epithelium, which may lead in depressed mice fertility.
Highlights
تشوه روؤس النطف، هرمون تستوستيرون، الانسجة المرضية، السيتارابين:الكلمات الدالة Introduction Chemotherapy is a successful treatment approaches in many malignances; many problems are still associated with this treatment as it uses a variation of highly toxic agents
Cytosine normally combines with a different sugar, deoxyribose, to form deoxycytidine, a component of DNA
Significant research determinations have reduced the cytotoxic effects of many cancer drugs, toxicity remains a problem that needs additional improvement
Summary
تشوه روؤس النطف، هرمون تستوستيرون، الانسجة المرضية، السيتارابين:الكلمات الدالة Introduction Chemotherapy is a successful treatment approaches in many malignances; many problems are still associated with this treatment as it uses a variation of highly toxic agents. The most active drugs are the anthracyclines and the taxanes, followed by alkalating agents, antimetabolites, and vinca alkaloids They produce objective response rates of 20-80% [3,4]. Cytarabine, known as Ara-C, is a chemotherapy agent (antimetabolite) used mostly in the treatment of cancers of white blood cells such as cute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It kills cancer cells by inhibition of DNA polymerase via competition with deoxycytidine triphosphate, resulting in the inhibition of DNA synthesis. Cytosine arabinoside is similar enough to human cytosine deoxyribose (deoxycytidine) to be incorporated into human DNA, but different enough that kills the cell This mechanism is used to kill cancer cells [6]. The purpose of this study is to illustrate the effect of cytarabine drug on fertility of albino male mice, the histopathological changes are discussed
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