Abstract
Cystic lymphangiomas are rare, congenital, benign lesions occurring early in life, mainly in the head, neck, and oral cavity and rarely in abdominal wall, Due to aberrant proliferation of lymphatic vessels resulting from abnormal development of the lymphatic system. Lymphangiomas are classified as micro cystic, macro cystic, and cystic hygromas according to the size of the lymphatic cavities incorporated. These are soft, variable in size and shape, and tend to grow extensively if not surgically excised. These are multilocular cysts filled with clear or yellow lymph fluid. Histopathologically, lymphangiomas are of three types: Lymphangioma simplex, Cavernous Lymphangioma, and Cystic Hygroma depending on the size of vascular spaces and thickness of the adventitia. The present case report describes a case of cystic lymphangioma of lower abdominal wall in a 30-year-old male and its clinical, ultrasonographic / Imaging features, cytological and histopathological correlation.
Highlights
Cystic lymphangioma or Cystic hygroma is a congenital malformation due to failure of communication between the primary lymphatic sacs to drain into the venous system[1]
Known as macro cystic lymphatic malformation and was first described in 1828 by Redenbacker.CL commonly occur in neck, more than 80%.Other sites are in the maxilla, superior mediastinum, mesentery, retroperitoneal region, pelvis and lower limbs4,5Rarely it occurs on the abdominal wall
Cystic Lymphangioma or Hygroma is a congenital malformation of the lymphatic system and are of capillary, cavernous or cystic types
Summary
Cystic lymphangioma or Cystic hygroma is a congenital malformation due to failure of communication between the primary lymphatic sacs to drain into the venous system[1]. In our case patient noticed the progress of the swelling on right lower abdominal wall with extension to right inguinal region. A 30 years old male was referred to the Radiology department for Radiograph of chest, abdomen and Ultrasound examination of swelling in Right side of lower abdominal wall. On physical examination a palpable soft non tender swelling of 5x5 cm size was seen in subcutaneous plain of right lower abdominal wall and extending up to right inguinal region (Figure -1-2).The overlying skin was normal. Ultrasound study reveals subcutaneous multilocular clusters of abnormal cystic channels with internal echoes in right lower abdominal wall with inferiorly extension in right inguinal region. CT lower abdomen and pelvis findings showed multiloculated fluid density lesion of 2.3 x 12.2 x 13.4 Cms size in right lower abdominal wall in subcutaneous plane with extension up to right inguinal region. Evidence of recurrence of the lesion was seen in the subsequent follow up visit up to eight weeks
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