Abstract
AbstractSoil phosphorus (P) remains an ever‐increasing topic of importance, notably for its key role as a nutrient for driving food production but with parallel concerns over damaging water quality, all against a backdrop of uncertainty of long‐term rock phosphate supplies. Soil is a key interface that holds P and regulates its onward flow to plants or leakage to waters. Often overlooked are a ubiquitous group of P compounds that exist in alternative oxidation states to that of phosphate (+5). Redox cycling, and the behaviour that chemically reduced P compounds exhibit in soils, introduces alternative routes of cycling P that may become more important as the soil system itself alters, especially due to the external pressures of climate change, bringing about critical dynamics in rainfall and runoff and also wetting and drying. All of these factors are known to affect soil redox potential and consequently the oxidation state of soil P. This review considers the chemically reduced species in the P cycle, exploring their sources and sinks, while considering their importance within the primary global biogeochemical cycling of P and how this may be impacted by climate change in the temperate climate of the northern hemisphere.Highlights This paper addresses how climate change will affect soil phosphorus cycling. This review is novel as it considers the reduced phosphorus forms when discussing P transfer in soils. Climate change is likely to increase prevalence of reduced P and free phosphate in northern hemisphere temperate soils. Phosphorus cycling relies partly on redox P processes. Their importance will increase as climate alters soils.
Highlights
Climate change is predicted to change patterns of annual rainfall globally, with temperate parts of the northern hemisphere expected to experience increases in the occurrence of flash flooding in autumn/winter months and prolonged dry spells in spring/summer months (Masson-Delmotte et al, 2018)
This paper addresses how climate change will affect soil phosphorus cycling
An increase in saturated soil conditions will promote reductions in soil redox (Eh) values due to lower oxygen concentrations associated with greater saturation
Summary
Climate change is predicted to change patterns of annual rainfall globally, with temperate parts of the northern hemisphere expected to experience increases in the occurrence of flash flooding in autumn/winter months and prolonged dry spells in spring/summer months (Masson-Delmotte et al, 2018). There is a general underpinning knowledge of the pathways involved for most biogenic phosphonate compounds, which involves intramolecular rearrangement of the intermediary metabolite phosphoenolpyruvate, a phosphate bonded ester molecule, into phosphonopyruvate, a carboxylic acid that contains the C-P bond (Figure 3) (Metcalf & Van der Donk, 2009).
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