Cyclic Voltammetry in Biological Samples: A Systematic Review of Methods and Techniques Applicable to Clinical Settings

Hsiang-Wei Wang,Paul A Kilmartin,John A Windsor,Anthony J R Hickey,Cameron Bringans,Anthony R J Phillips

doi:10.3390/signals2010012

Hsiang-Wei Wang, Paul A Kilmartin + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/signals2010012

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Journal: Signals	Publication Date: Mar 16, 2021
Citations: 26	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: University of Auckland

Abstract

Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of many diseases, but there is no accurate measurement of oxidative stress or antioxidants that has utility in the clinical setting. Cyclic Voltammetry is an electrochemical technique that has been widely used for analyzing redox status in industrial and research settings. It has also recently been applied to assess the antioxidant status of in vivo biological samples. This systematic review identified 38 studies that used cyclic voltammetry to determine the change in antioxidant status in humans and animals. It focusses on the methods for sample preparation, processing and storage, experimental setup and techniques used to identify the antioxidants responsible for the voltammetric peaks. The aim is to provide key information to those intending to use cyclic voltammetry to measure antioxidants in biological samples in a clinical setting.

Highlights

Oxidative stress (OS) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases and associated complications [1,2], and it has drawn widespread attention as a target for medical interventions [3,4,5]
This current review focuses on the methodologies and cyclic voltammetry on asThis current review focuses on the methodologies and cyclic voltammetry on assessing sessing biological
The findings demonstrate the impressive flexibility of Cyclic voltammetry (CV) in being able to analyze a wide range of biological specimens, including blood, homogenized tissue, body fluids and skin

Summary

Introduction

Oxidative stress (OS) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases and associated complications [1,2], and it has drawn widespread attention as a target for medical interventions [3,4,5]. Excess build-up of ROS can overwhelm the antioxidant defences resulting in cell death, tissue injury, organ dysfunction and adverse patient outcomes [8,9]. These observations highlight the need for a practical way to measure and monitor oxidative stress and antioxidants in the clinical setting. Direct ROS detection using magnetic spin resonance technology cannot be readily adapted to the clinical setting. Signals 2021, 2 magnetic spin resonance technology cannot be readily adapted to the clinical setting

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Conclusion