Abstract
Crack-initiation sites and crack-propagation rates of small cracks in smooth specimens of alumina with two grain sizes have been studied. The principal results that have been obtained are as follows: (i) in most cases, the crack-initiation life comprises a large portion of the fatigue life, (ii) small cracks that are initiated in smooth specimens propagate with stress intensity factors that are much lower than the apparent threshold stress intensity factors (KImax) of artificial cracks that are 200 µm in length, and (iii) the critical crack lengths beyond which the crack-propagation rate is described uniquely by KImax are 120 µm for fine-grained alumina and 250 µm for coarse-grained alumina.
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