Abstract
Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) are emerging field characterized by complex data model, dynamics and strict time requirements. Ensuring cybersecurity in ITS is a complex task on which the safety and efficiency of transportation depends. The imposition of standards for a comprehensive architecture, as well as specific security standards, is one of the key steps in the evolution of ITS. The article examines the general outlines of the ITS architecture and security issues. The main focus of security approaches is: configuration and initialization of the devices during manufacturing at perception layer; anonymous authentication of nodes in VANET at network layer; defense of fog-based structures at support layer and description and standardization of the complex model of data and metadata and defense of systems, based on AI at application layer. The article oversees some conventional methods as network segmentation and cryptography that should be adapted in order to be applied in ITS cybersecurity. The focus is on innovative approaches that have recently been trying to find their place in ITS security strategies. These approaches includes blockchain, bloom filter, fog computing, artificial intelligence, game theory and ontologies. In conclusion, a correlation is made between the commented methods, the problems they solve and the architectural layers in which they are applied.
Highlights
Internet of things (IoT) is a consequence of converging of several technologies like: real-time analytics, machine learning, embedded systems, wireless networks, control systems, home and building automation
Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) are complex, time-critical systems in which the physical safety of road users and the efficiency of transport services directly depend on the provision of cybersecurity
Some of the described technologies such as blockchain, lightweight cryptographic methods, network segmentation and sensor fusion will certainly find a place in the appearance of ITS, more experimental results are needed, as well as tests on how they will fit into the overall system
Summary
Internet of things (IoT) is a consequence of converging of several technologies like: real-time analytics, machine learning, embedded systems, wireless networks, control systems, home and building automation. From the consumer point of view, IoT is a synonymous to products pertaining to the concept of the intelligent home, intelligent healthcare, intelligent city and so forth. Many of these areas have similar characteristics and face similar challenges. As sub-area of the smart city Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) are characterized by many of the features of IoT Their distinctive features are: strict time requirements, dynamics and large volumes of data. Road safety applications have very high cybersecurity requirements combined with hard real time constrains. Road traffic efficiency and infotainment applications are not directly related to the physical safety of road users, cybersecurity requirements remain high, as a breach in any of them can reflect on the efficiency of the whole ITS. Overloading the communication channel for infotainment application purposes may interfere with the normal operation of security application, which may be critical [1]
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