Abstract
Abstract Defining seedling production protocols for ornamental species through the use of plant regulators requires economic analysis that demonstrates the real financial returns of such activity to horticulturists. The objective was to evaluate the influence of using indole butyric acid regulator (IBA) on rooting of Euphorbia phosphorea (Mart) and Euphorbia enterophora (Drake) cuttings, as well as to analyze the economic viability of seedling production with the use of IBA. The cuttings were 10 cm long, and treated with IBA at concentrations of 0; 1,000; 3,000; and 5,000 mg L-1. The cuttings were place in vermiculite substrate and were irrigated daily inside a greenhouse. The experimental design was completely randomized, with 4 replications, containing 5 cuttings per experimental unit. Evaluations were performed 150 days after establishing the experiments. The Net Present Value (NPV) and the Internal Return Rate (IRR) were analyzed to determine the economic viability analysis of using IBA. For E. phosphorea there was no significant difference between treatments for cuttings survival, number of roots and length of roots. Callus formation was not observed at the base of the cuttings, and the highest survival percentage was observed in T3 (3,000 mg L-1) and T4 (5,000 mg L-1) treatments. Treatment T1 (control) presented a lower number of roots per cutting (12.8) and higher average length of the three largest roots (12.56 cm). The use of the IBA regulator increased the percentage of rooted cuttings and the number of roots per cutting, and the concentration of 3,000 mg L-1 was recommended for E. phosphorea. Regarding aspects of economic viability, using IBA at the commercial nursery level is recommended. For E. enterophora, IBA is not recommended because it is an easily rooted species (95%), therefore, denotes the economic unfeasibility of its use.
Highlights
According to Junqueira and Peetz (2014), the productive sector of flowers and ornamental plants in Brazil has been consistently become more relevant in the national agribusiness, standing out as an economically growing activity
Due to the lack of information about indole butyric acid regulator (IBA) use and the economic viability of its use for these species, the present study aimed to evaluate the propagation of E. phosphorea and E. enterophora through stem cuttings, with different concentrations of IBA plant regulator in a hydroalcoholic solution, performing economic analysis of it use for seedling production
Experiment with E. phosphorea The results of the analysis of variance and coefficient of variation for percentage of surviving cuttings (PES), percentage of rooted cuttings (PEE), number of roots per cutting (NRE), length of the three largest roots of each rooted cutting (CMR) and percentage of dead cuttings (PEM) from E. phosphorea and E. enterophora cuttings evaluated 150 days after the establishing the experiments are presented in Tables 1 and 2, respectively
Summary
According to Junqueira and Peetz (2014), the productive sector of flowers and ornamental plants in Brazil has been consistently become more relevant in the national agribusiness, standing out as an economically growing activity. According to Beckmann-Cavalcante et al (2014), the inclusion of new exotic and native ornamental plant species in landscaping is a growing reality and is a consequence of the consumer market’s desire for new products. Cultivating these plants in commercial nurseries can be difficult due to the lack of knowledge regarding reproductive phenology and propagation techniques that provide higher productivity and profitability for horticulturists. Research that financially analyzes propagation techniques of new ornamental species are very important for establishing production protocols, as it provides greater safety in decision-making for horticulturists or agricultural investors
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