Abstract
The years 1960–80 have often been described as the most turbulent and crisis-ridden period in modern Turkish history—the Weimar years of the Turkish Republic. Domestically, these two decades were bounded by two military coups: the first in 1960, which created the socio-political framework for Turkey’s first experiment as a truly open society, and the second in 1980, which brought this experiment to an abrupt end. Like Weimar Germany, Turkey’s period of intense dynamism coincided with the birth and death of ideological multi-party politics, a time marked by a sense of immanent self-alteration.
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