Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is an infectious disease transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies and is considered a great environmental and public health problem. Thus, this work presents initial results of the analyses about the relationship between the spatial distribution of this disease and its environmental risk factors in three municipalities, in the state of Pará, Brazil, from 2012 to 2016. It was used data from the Ministry of Health, the National Institute for Space Research and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The statistical and spacial analysis of the variables were done using G-test goodness-of-fit, kernel interpolation technique and the Bivariate Global Moran Index (I). The analyses showed that the most affected individuals were males, adults, low schooling, residents in rural areas and small farmers. The disease spatial distribution was not homogeneous in the municipalities and it was associated to different relationships between the land use and occupation and the notificated cases density, with direct spatial autocorrelation. The deforestation was the most significant risk factor linked to the cases occurrence in all the studied area. We emphasize the need of intensification of epidemiological and environmental surveillance actions in the studied areas.
Highlights
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is an infectious disease transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies and is considered a great environmental and public health problem
Considering that the study of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) spatial distribution at local scales can contribute to the formulation of health surveillance policies, as well as its environmental monitoring, this study presents a preliminary analysis of the spatial distribution of this disease, discussing its relationship with environmental risk factors in three municipalities of the northeastern region of the State of Pará, Brazilian Eastern Amazon, from 2012 to 2016
This work was aproved, with favorable opinion 3.245.271/2019, by the Research Ethics Committee of the Pará State University, with no conflits of interests in accordance with resolution 466/2012. It was analyzed the spatial distribution of 234 cases of CL in the municipalities of Bragança (153), Augusto
Summary
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is an infectious disease transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies and is considered a great environmental and public health problem. This work presents initial results of the analyses about the relationship between the spatial distribution of this disease and its environmental risk factors in three municipalities, in the state of Pará, Brazil, from 2012 to 2016. In the Americas, about 21 countries have this disease among their six major endemic parasitosis In this context, over the last decades a large number of cases have been reported in Colombia, Venezuela and Brazil. Over the last decades a large number of cases have been reported in Colombia, Venezuela and Brazil This fact has pointed to a relationship between the environmental characteristics of these territories and the occurrence of the disease. The evidences of the relationship between CL and its conditioning variables has not been frequently studied at local geographic scales, implicating in few production of contextualized and precise epidemiological scenarios of the disease. The evidences of the relationship between CL and its conditioning variables has not been frequently studied at local geographic scales, implicating in few production of contextualized and precise epidemiological scenarios of the disease. [3,4]
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