Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been identified in China as the etiologic agent of the recent COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. Due to its high transmissibility, this virus quickly spread throughout the world, causing considerable health issues. The scientific community exerted noteworthy efforts to obtain therapeutic solutions for COVID-19, and new scientific networks were constituted. No certified drugs to efficiently inhibit the virus were identified, and the development of de-novo medicines requires approximately ten years of research. Therefore, the repurposing of natural products could be an effective strategy to handle SARS-CoV-2 infection. This review aims to update on current status of the natural occurring compounds recognizing SARS-CoV-2 druggable targets. Among the clinical trials actually recruited, some natural compounds are ongoing to examine their potential role to prevent and to treat the COVID-19 infection. Many natural scaffolds, including alkaloids, terpenes, flavonoids, and benzoquinones, were investigated by in-silico, in-vitro, and in-vivo approaches. Despite the large data set obtained by a computational approach, experimental evidences in most cases are not available. To fill this gap, further efforts to validate these results are required. We believe that an accurate investigation of naturally occurring compounds may provide insights for the potential treatment of COVID-19 patients.
Highlights
Coronaviruses are a diverse panel of viruses capable of producing infection in many animals and are responsible for respiratory infections in humans
In this regard, based on the recent analysis gathered on SARS-CoV-2 targets [21], we focused on natural compounds under clinical trials in the first section
In this regard, based on the recent analysis gathered on SARS-CoV-2 targets [21], w focused on natural compounds under clinical trials in the first section
Summary
Coronaviruses are a diverse panel of viruses capable of producing infection in many animals and are responsible for respiratory infections in humans. Due to the amount of data from scientific literature, in our opinion sometimes inaccurate and superficial, our main goal is to give a vision on the possible role of the natural compounds against SARS-CoV-2 In this regard, based on the recent analysis gathered on SARS-CoV-2 targets [21], we focused on natural compounds under clinical trials in the first section. In the second section, we provided in-vitro, in-vivo and in-silico results of the natural derivatives In this regard, based on the recent analysis gathered on SARS-CoV-2 targets [21], w focused on natural compounds under clinical trials in the first section. In th second section, we provided in-vitro, in-vivo and in-silico results of the natural deriva tives against SARS-CoV-2 This analysis may help to figure out the most promising natu ral products which lead to the development of drugs for the treatment or pr3oopf 2h7ylaxis o the emergent pandemic. Nhartumraalcologica pprroodpuecrtsti,ewshfircohmhatvheehaisntocireicnatlltyimbeee.nNusaetdurtaolaovcocidurorrinalglecvoiamtepsoeuvenrdalsdairseaasems,oanrge stthilel option obfefeinrigngcomnosleidcuelreesdwfiothr pthroemtriesiantgmoernyteot uf nSeAxRplSo-rCedoVph-2arimnafeccotloiognicaalsptrhoepyeratirees cfroommmthoenly inex apnecniesnivt eti,maev.aNilaabtulera, laoncdcurrarrienlgychoamvpeosuhnodws narue namdeosnigratbhleeospidtieonesffbeecitnsg[2c2o]n.sIindetrheids fsoerction, w trwhareieltllrydehaistamcvueesnssht toohwfeSnAnuaRntSud-eCrasoilrVac-bo2lmeinspfiedoceutineofdnfesacsatscth[t2ue2ya]l.alIyrneutchnoidms esmercoctnlioilnyni,cinwaelextwprieialnllssdi.visec,uasvsatihlaebnlea,tuanradl compounds under clinical trials
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