Current trends and regional peculiarities of disability due to cardiovascular diseases in Ukraine

Abstract

Annotation. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of premature death and disability in Ukraine, which determines their significant medical, social and economic significance. The aim of the study was to analyze the general trends and regional characteristics of primary disability due to CVD in Ukraine in 2010-2020. The dynamic analysis was carried out using such indicators as absolute growth (AGr) and growth rate (GR). Such parameters as minimum, maximum territorial value, median, amplitude of a series of regional distribution of indicators, upper lower quartile, coefficient of regional variation were also analyzed. The stability of territorial characteristics of primary disability due to CVD in Ukraine was determined using the Pearson correlation coefficient (r). The comparison of disability caused by CVD in Ukraine and the countries of Europe and the European Union was carried out on the basis of the indicator of DALYs calculated per 100 000 population. Materials obtained from the statistical database of the international epidemiological study “Global Burden of Disease”, updated for 2019, were used for the analysis. With the help of the medical-statistical method, the materials of the state statistical reporting (form № 14) regarding primary disability caused by CVD in Ukraine and its regions in 2019-2020 were analyzed. A trend towards a decrease in primary disability caused by CVD among the adult population (by 19.6%, from 11.2 in 2010 to 9.0 per 10,000 in 2020) and among working-age population (by 11.5%, from 10.4 to 9.2 per 10,000, respectively) was determined. At the same time, CVD continues to be the leading cause of disability in the adult and working-age population with a share in the structure of primary disability of 23.5% and 21.2%, respectively. It has been established that in 73.1% of cases, primary disability due to CVD is formed at the age less than 55 for women and 60 years for men. The loss of life years due to disability caused by CVD in Ukraine is 1.2 times higher than in European countries and 1.4 times higher than in the European Union. Cerebrovascular disease account for almost half (45.3% for adults and 44.8% for the population of working age), and coronary heart disease for a third (33.2% and 35.4%, respectively) of all cases of primary disability, caused by CVD. The study identified regions of Ukraine with high levels and increasing of primary disability due to CVD. Reduction in the disability of the population of Ukraine and its regions requires the improvement of primary and secondary prevention of CVD, increasing the efficiency of rehabilitation of patients with CVD, and optimizing cardiological and cardiac surgical care. Our further research will be aimed at substantiating the possibilities of improving the organization of cardiac surgical care for the population of Ukraine.