Current Strategies for The Disruption and Inhibition of Oral Biofilm Formation

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Oral biofilm, an organized community comprises of extensive variety of microbes rooted with extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) matrix. It is recognized as a virulence factor to numerous oral infectious diseases including dental caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, periapical periodontitis and peri-implantitis [1]. Biofilm formation on medical devices such as mechanical heart valves, catheters, contact lenses and prosthetic joints pose a critical medical problem. Both gram positive and negative bacteria can form biofilms on medical devices. Medical device infections are accountable for almost 60% of hospital acquired infections. In the United States, the anticipated expense of caring for healthcare-associated infections is nearly between $28 billion and $45 billion each year [2]. The lifecycle of a conventional biofilm comprises of bacterial attachment, biofilm growth/maturation, and biofilm dispersion.