CURRENT STATUS AND PROPOSALS REGARDING THE PROTECTION OF THE CIVILIAN POPULATION

Abstract

The Code of Civil Protection of Ukraine is the main legislative document regulating measures for the protection of civilians. A number of normative documents were created to protect the population from the action of conventional means of destruction, air shock wave, in accordance with the requirements of the legislation. The current legislation and building codes on technical measures of civil protection did not provide for the realities of war, did not take into account the needs of people with limited mobility. For the second year, the war continues, people are dying, and the leadership of the State Emergency Service sees no problems in protecting civilians and has no desire to change the existing imperfect civil protection system. The overwhelming number of current shelters and anti-radiation shelters was built in Soviet times and according to Soviet standards. Today, buildings meet the requirements of the mid-20th century for protective properties, but do not at all meet the modern requirements and realities of war. In particular, the estimated capacity of storages and anti-radiation shelters does not correspond to the anthropological parameters of modern man, including the less mobile population groups. An analysis of the regulatory documentation of the countries of the world showed that the capacity indicators specified in the standards are most likely an error that occurred several decades ago and has been repeated during this time. We analyzed the possibility of using shelters facilities in accordance with the planning of benches and beds according to the recommendations of the State Emergency Service. We proposed the necessary parameters or placing for placing rows of benches and beds in shelters and anti-radiation shelters. The given examples show that using existing shelters cannot be acceptable according to the State Emergency Services standards and recommendations.However, after carrying out a set of measures for the reconstruction and refurbishment of these buildings, these premises can be used as temporary structures to protect the population.