Current status and perspectives of gene therapy in the treatment of haematological cancers

Abstract

Gene therapy holds great promise in the treatment of haematological cancers. Haematological cancers account for a significant portion of cancer cases worldwide, making gene therapy research in this area crucial. The emergence of breakthrough technologies, especially CRISPR-based gene editing, has enriched gene therapy possibilities and ushered in new opportunities for cancer treatment. Despite the potential benefits, gene therapy faces challenges related to safety and technical advancements. This work discusses practical applications of gene therapy, such as the use of monoclonal antibodies and gene transfer in haematological tumour cells. It also highlights the prospects of CRISPR gene editing technology, which has gained momentum in clinical applications for cancer treatment. However, it acknowledges potential risks and limitations, such as off-target effects and unpredictable translational outcomes. The conclusion emphasizes the need for further research to enhance long-term effectiveness, safety, and accessibility of gene therapy, using human genome sequencing, improved delivery technology, and better understanding of disease genes and biological mechanisms.