CURRENT STATE AND FEATURES OF FORMATION OF SOCIAL STANDARDS IN UKRAINE

Abstract

The article considers the essence of economic category «food safety», identifies and characterizes its components, assesses the state of food safety in Ukraine and identifies the main factors influencing its state. The norms of Ukrainian consumer basket in the food part and the actual consumption of food products are considered and it is established that they do not correspond to the scientifically substantiated recommendations of complete nutrition of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. The analysis of the average annual consumption of basic foodstuffs shows that during 2000-2020 Ukrainians began to consume more food products, so in general they began to eat better, but their diet is suboptimal. It was found that when determining the product part of the domestic consumer basket, a method used was the one that was developed more than 30 years ago and does not take into account existing new and modern product groups, and, accordingly, needs to be improved taking into account world best practices. It is established that the cost of the consumer basket is determined by the subsistence level, it is also the basis for determining the amount of pensions and the minimum wage. The level of poverty in Ukraine has been studied and it has been determined that low incomes of citizens do not allow them to eat properly, which has a corresponding effect on the, structure of food consumed. As a consequence, the share of food expenditures in the total expenditures of Ukrainian households is quite significant, which confirms Engel’s law, according to which, with increasing income, the share of expenditures on basic necessities decreases and vice versa. It is proved that the main reason for the irrational structure of consumer spending is the high level of poverty among the citizens of Ukraine. Doing the research, the conclusion was made, that it is necessary to put funds for utilities, rehabilitation etc. in the domestic consumer basket. In this case, it will be able to provide not only the minimum needs of the citizens of Ukraine, but also contribute to dignified level of life.