Current Sensorless Microcontroller-Based Battery Management System with SOC and Active Cell Balancing

Muhammad Fikri Ardiansyah,Oyas Wahyunggoro,Adha Imam Cahyadi

doi:10.46336/ijqrm.v2i1.125

Muhammad Fikri Ardiansyah, Oyas Wahyunggoro + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.46336/ijqrm.v2i1.125

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Abstract

Battery management system (BMS) has become an important research topic following the trend and development of the electric vehicle. Although research on Active Cell Balancing, SOC, and current estimation has been carried out, the previous work mostly focused on comparing and developing methods. In this research, we demonstrate the process of designing BMS hardware using a low-cost microcontroller and without using a current sensor. The SOC simulation results produce an RMSE of 0.0832% for the 100% -10% SOC-OCV curve, and the current estimation simulation produces an RMSE of 0.2576 A, while for testing using a 6-ohm pulse load, the RMSE error value is 0.3960 A. The Active Cell Balancing method was successfully performed in simulation with Simulink. Furthermore, our simulation and test results suggest that complex battery models and multiple SOC-OCV curves can be used for better current and OCV estimation results. Our experimental results are also useful to develop a guideline to design a microcontroller-based BMS.

Highlights

Batteries are widely used as a power supply for electronic devices such as cell phones and laptops
Choosing a battery model is the first step in estimating battery current and estimating State of Charge (SOC)
A battery model that is better at representative of the system has been developed, in this case, a simple battery model is more suitable because of the limitations of the microcontroller

Summary

Introduction

Batteries are widely used as a power supply for electronic devices such as cell phones and laptops. On a large-scale application, a battery can be used as a power supply for vehicles and even powering a building. For example, is the most known company that utilizes batteries in their products, create bricks of battery called Powerwall that can power a building for a limited time (Tesla, 2020). Flexibility and portability are the main reason for using batteries as the main energy source in electronic devices. The large-scale consumption of batteries may harm the environment. Battery waste is a type of hazardous waste that can contaminate the environment when not handled properly (Skeete et al, 2020)

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