Current requirements for self-rescuers – small filtering respiratory protection devices for the population in emergency situations

Abstract

Relevance.Among the many problems to be solved for ensuring the safety of the population, safety in overcrowded facilities in emergency situations (ES) is of great importance; here, self-rescuers – portable personal respiratory protection equipment (RPE), can help.Intention:To analyze organizational problems associated with the use of civilian self-rescuers, including self-rescuers for children.Methodology.We studied arrays of domestic publications in the Russian Science Citation Index, patents for inventions and utility models of the Federal Institute of Industrial Property of Rospatent, catalogs of RPEs from manufacturing companies.Results and Discussion.Modern domestic filtering civilian self-rescuers, including self-rescuers for children are described. Analysis of the protective properties of domestic self-rescuers shows that they can differ significantly from each other, and sometimes have different purposes. It is necessary to develop and introduce cheaper small self-rescuers for easy use in emergencies. A number of general requirements can be imposed on self-rescuers for children: these should be relatively universal and provide protection from the main possible emergencies; ensure the greatest efficiency in protecting the respiratory system from toxic vapors / gases, highly dispersed and finely dispersed aerosols; be lightweight, small and easily accessible.Conclusion.A number of the problems considered in the article are of a complex nature, even in the sphere of responsibility of the EMERCOM of Russia; therefore, their solution is possible only with an appropriate attitude towards them.