Abstract
Current nutritional approaches in diabetes mellitus focus on optimizing dietary patterns to improve metabolic outcomes and overall health. Emphasis is placed on individualized meal planning that considers glycemic control, weight management, and cardiovascular risk reduction. The Mediterranean diet, characterized by high intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, and olive oil, has garnered attention for its beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity and lipid profiles. Similarly, the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet, which emphasizes low sodium intake and high consumption of fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins, is recommended for its cardiovascular benefits. Carbohydrate counting remains a cornerstone of diabetes management, with an emphasis on consuming complex carbohydrates with a low glycemic index to minimize postprandial glucose spikes. Additionally, integrating regular physical activity and monitoring glycemic responses to meals are integral components of effective dietary management in diabetes. Personalized nutritional counseling, ongoing education, and support are essential to empower individuals with diabetes to make sustainable dietary choices that promote long-term health and well-being.
Published Version
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