Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are the most common solid neoplasms of childhood. Each year, approximately 1500 to 2000 children in the United States are diagnosed with brain tumors. Although the mortality rate for pediatric brain tumors exceeds many other childhood neoplasms, recent therapeutic advances are enabling an increasing percentage of affected children to survive into adulthood. Surgical intervention plays an important role in the treatment of many types of childhood brain tumors. Improvements in surgical management, coupled with focused radiotherapeutic techniques, and innovative approaches for chemotherapy are being incorporated in new treatment strategies for a variety of different histological groups. This review discusses contemporary treatment approaches for the most common pediatric brain tumors, highlighting recent developments that have significantly altered outcome, identifying areas of controversy, and discussing ongoing and future directions for therapeutic refinement.
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