CURRENT INSIGHTS INTO TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT OF MUCOEPIDERMOID CARCINOMAS OF SALIVARY GLAND

Wellington Lima Sabino,Reydson Alcides De Lima-Souza,João Figueira Scarini,Lívia Ramalho Crescencio,Fernanda Viviane Mariano,Albina Altemani,Erika Said Abu Egal

doi:10.1016/j.oooo.2022.01.785

Wellington Lima Sabino, Reydson Alcides De Lima-Souza + Show 5 more

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oooo.2022.01.785

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Objectives Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common salivary gland tumor in both adults and children. The aim was to review the current insights and components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) of MEC, its molecular alterations concomitant with its cellular interactions, and the clinical implications of these findings. Study Design A database search was performed retrieving studies that evaluated the pathophysiology of TME in salivary gland MEC. Results MEC consists of a diversity of immune cells (lymphocytes T and NK) and their immune checkpoints (especially PD1 and PD-L1), cancer-associated fibroblasts, cytokines (IL-6), chemokines (CCR4 and CCR7), growth factors (FGF-1 and FGF-2), extracellular matrix proteins and metalloproteinases (MMP-1 and MMP-13), and tumor associated macrophages. These TME components form complex interactions that mainly prevent effective antitumor immunity and promote cancer progression. Conclusions Although most studies showed that TAM in MEC are associated to tumor progression, the presence of T cells and immune checkpoints in the tumor microenvironment varied across studies. The complexity and heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment at various stages of MEC tumorigenesis remain to be characterized in greater detail for development of efficient therapeutic strategies to treat patients. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common salivary gland tumor in both adults and children. The aim was to review the current insights and components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) of MEC, its molecular alterations concomitant with its cellular interactions, and the clinical implications of these findings. A database search was performed retrieving studies that evaluated the pathophysiology of TME in salivary gland MEC. MEC consists of a diversity of immune cells (lymphocytes T and NK) and their immune checkpoints (especially PD1 and PD-L1), cancer-associated fibroblasts, cytokines (IL-6), chemokines (CCR4 and CCR7), growth factors (FGF-1 and FGF-2), extracellular matrix proteins and metalloproteinases (MMP-1 and MMP-13), and tumor associated macrophages. These TME components form complex interactions that mainly prevent effective antitumor immunity and promote cancer progression. Although most studies showed that TAM in MEC are associated to tumor progression, the presence of T cells and immune checkpoints in the tumor microenvironment varied across studies. The complexity and heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment at various stages of MEC tumorigenesis remain to be characterized in greater detail for development of efficient therapeutic strategies to treat patients.

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