Abstract
Abstract. CAR-T therapy, involves modifying the patient's immune T cells in a laboratory setting to recognize antigens on tumor cells. Significant progress has been made in the treatment of hematologic malignancies, thanks to advancements in cancer treatment, namely the discovery of immunotherapies. Nevertheless, the therapy encounters obstacles such as antigen evasion, effects that target both tumor and non-tumor cells, restricted penetration into tumors, a tumor microenvironment that suppresses immune response, and adverse effects such as CRS and neurotoxicity. This paper analyzes the complexities of CAR-T treatment, its fundamental principles, and potential uses for many forms of cancer, including solid tumors. The primary objective is to improve the effectiveness and safety of the therapy by the manipulation of CAR-T cells, alteration of CAR structures, and investigation of combined treatment approaches. Although CAR-T therapy shows promise in transforming cancer treatment, additional refinement is necessary to optimize its therapeutic efficacy and decrease undesirable side effects. This will facilitate the development of more efficient and individualized cancer treatments.
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