Abstract
Nowadays, water savings on industrial plants have become a significant concern for various plants and sections. It is vitally essential to propose applicable and efficient techniques to retreat produced water from onshore and offshore production units. This paper aimed to implement the PFF (Photo Fenton Flotation) method to optimize the water treatment procedure, as it is a two-stage separation technique. The measurements were recorded for the HF (hydraulic fracturing) and CEOR (chemically enhanced oil recovery) methods separately to compare the results appropriately. To assure the efficiency of this method, we first recorded the measurements for five sequential days. As a result, the total volume of 2372.5 MM m3/year of water can be saved in the HF process during the PFF treatment procedure, and only 20% of this required fresh water should be provided from other resources. On the other hand, the total volume of 7482.5 MM m3/year of water can be saved in CEOR processes during the PFF treatment procedure, and only 38% of this required fresh water should be provided from other resources. Therefore, the total water volume of 9855 MM m3 can be saved each year, indicating the efficiency of this method in supplying and saving the water volume during the production operations from oilfield units.
Highlights
Regarding the enormous demand of various industrial plants for water supplies and the dependency of human life on water, it is essential to be more conservative and careful about its consumption [1–5]
It can cause droughts worldwide due to the lack of water supply to feed forests [6–10]. This is the main issue that researchers have tried to address in current decades, to increase the efficiency and accuracy of water treatment methods [11–13]
The use of treated water to continue the operations should be strictly promoted by the World Health Organization to [31–40]. These hazardous materials consisted of solid and heavy metals, chemical agents in produced water that might be highly toxic to the environment [41–51]
Summary
Regarding the enormous demand of various industrial plants for water supplies and the dependency of human life on water, it is essential to be more conservative and careful about its consumption [1–5]. It can cause droughts worldwide due to the lack of water supply to feed forests [6–10]. This is the main issue that researchers have tried to address in current decades, to increase the efficiency and accuracy of water treatment methods [11–13]. The use of treated water to continue the operations should be strictly promoted by the World Health Organization to [31–40]. These hazardous materials consisted of solid and heavy metals, chemical agents in produced water that might be highly toxic to the environment [41–51]
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