Abstract

Rice, (Oryza sativa L.) account as the second cereal most cultivated in the world. Unfortunately, global rice production is rendered by significant number abiotic and biotic stresses. Breeding for resistant variety through conventional breeding is an economical method; generally, it takes at least 10 years to release a new rice variety. Advance technology in molecular marker had revolutionized and irreversibly changes the disciplines of plant genetic and breeding. Integration of DNA-based markers in selection process enhances the effectiveness and accuracy of conventional plant breeding. It offers a novel tool for discovering and tagging alleles and genes specifically in plant. Ubiquitous of DNA marker-trait associations for diverse crops species are available with the findings of many quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping studies. The linkage drags, and time-consuming in conventional breeding can minimize with the application of DNA markers in plant breeding. The utilization of DNA marker in QTL mapping, MAS and gene pyramiding has been investigated. In this chapter, we discussed the recent utilizing markers in rice breeding program against abiotic and biotic stresses. In a few decades, molecular marker assisted breeding (MAB) provide a boundless task for breeders in attaining an important impact on crop development.

Highlights

  • Oryza sativa is an essential food crop contributing 30% of calories for at least 62.8% of the world population

  • Advent in marker technology has offer a remarkable progress in crop improvement in rice

  • Present paper reviews the application of DNA markers in abiotic and biotic stresses in rice using marker assisted selection (MAS)

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Summary

Introduction

Oryza sativa is an essential food crop contributing 30% of calories for at least 62.8% of the world population. The field of plant genetics and breeding has irreversibly changed with the development of DNA (or molecular markers) [7]. Since past two decade, revolutionized in molecular marker to enhance the effectiveness in breeding and to significantly shorten the development time of varieties bring about the concept of molecular marker assisted selection (MAS) as an efficient plant selection [8–10]. We present the latest DNA-based markers in a few studies related to abiotic and biotic stress genes using the MAS application in rice breeding programs. These markers have proven significantly useful from different findings published in screening, fine mapping and gene pyramiding approaches

Molecular marker
Repeatability and reproducible
Level of polymorphism
Successful application of molecular marker in rice
Deep root
Quality
Root trait and aroma
Submergence tolerance
Salt tolerance
Early maturation
Heading time
Phosphorus tolerance
Drought tolerance
4.10 Grain fragrance
4.11 Semi-dwarfing
Bacterial blight resistance
Blast resistance
Brown plant hopper resistance
Gall midge resistance
Findings
Conclusion
Full Text
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