Abstract
The brain is the body’s control center, so when a disease affects it, the outcomes are devastating. Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis are brain diseases that cause a large number of human deaths worldwide. Curcumin has demonstrated beneficial effects on brain health through several mechanisms such as antioxidant, amyloid β-binding, anti-inflammatory, tau inhibition, metal chelation, neurogenesis activity, and synaptogenesis promotion. The therapeutic limitation of curcumin is its bioavailability, and to address this problem, new nanoformulations are being developed. The present review aims to summarize the general bioactivity of curcumin in neurological disorders, how functional molecules are extracted, and the different types of nanoformulations available.
Highlights
Curcumin (CUR), known as diferuloylmethane, is a turmeric (Curcuma longa L. rhizomes)-derived polyphenol, with multiple applications in traditional medicine for more than 2000 years [1,2]
The tau protein is phosphorylated after by phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/protein kinase B (Akt)/GSK-3β pathway induced by the GSK-3β enzyme, Aβ peptides which are inhibited by CUR to alleviate tau-induced neurotoxicity [77]
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other brain diseases are an important cause of human deaths worldwide
Summary
Curcumin (CUR), known as diferuloylmethane, is a turmeric (Curcuma longa L. rhizomes)-derived polyphenol, with multiple applications in traditional medicine for more than 2000 years [1,2]. Specific differences in these novel formulations can influence their efficacy, explaining why most of the clinical trials show conflicting results regarding the beneficial effects of CUR in brain diseases, especially when it comes to the treatment of AD [33]. For this reason, we must understand how existing CUR nanomedicine formulations act, including their particular benefits and disadvantages in AD and other brain conditions. This literature review aims to summarize the general bioactivity of CUR in neurological disorders, how functional molecules are extracted, and the different nanoformulation types available
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