Abstract
Curcumin as a hydrophobic polyphenol is extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa. Curcumin is widely used as a dietary spice and a topical medication for the treatment of inflammatory disorders in Asia. This compound also possesses remarkable anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects with the ability to pass from the blood brain barrier. Based on several pharmacological activities of curcumin, it has been introduced as an ideal candidate for different neurological disorders. Despite the pleiotropic activities of curcumin, poor solubility, rapid clearance and low stability have limited its clinical application. In recent years, nano-based drug delivery system has effectively improved the aqueous solubility and bioavailability of curcumin. In this review article, the effects of curcumin nanoparticles and their possible mechanism/s of action has been elucidated in various central nervous system (CNS)-related diseases including Parkinson’s disease, Huntington disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Multiple sclerosis, epilepsy and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Furthermore, recent evidences about administration of nano-curcumin in the clinical trial phase have been described in the present review article.
Highlights
It has been estimated that up to 1.5 billion people worldwide are suffering from central nervous system (CNS) disorders
Results of this study suggested that curcumin nanoparticles may provide a novel therapeutic point for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.[37]
The results revealed that curcumin nanoformulation was able to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and release curcumin in an effective manner
Summary
It has been estimated that up to 1.5 billion people worldwide are suffering from central nervous system (CNS) disorders. The authors suggested that nano-curcumin might be regarded as a beneficial therapeutic agent for treatment of MS patients and as an immunomodulatory compound.[85] Th17 cells are at the center of attention in chronic inflammatory diseases researches[86,87,88] and it has been reported that curcumin suppresses Th17 differentiation and its related pathways.[89,90] In accordance to these studies, Dolati et al evaluated the frequency of Th17 cell-related cytokines expression level in MS patients This clinical trial was accomplished with 35 healthy controls, 25 patient subjects who received nano-curcumin, and 25 patients who received placebo. No significant difference was observed in ALSFRS-R score, muscle strength, and CMAP amplitude decrements between the nano-curcumin and placebo groups.[94]
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