Curcumin gum Arabic nanoparticles demonstrate potent antioxidant and cytotoxic properties in human cancer cells

Abdelkader Hassani,Siti Aslina Hussain,Abd Almonem Doolaanea,Mothanna Sadiq Al-Qubaisi,Hamid Zentou,Hakim Belkhalfa,Wisam Nabeel Ibrahim,Mohamed Lakhder Belfar,Hamid Hammad Enezei

doi:10.32604/biocell.2022.016848

Abdelkader Hassani, Siti Aslina Hussain + Show 7 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.32604/biocell.2022.016848

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Abstract

The main purpose of the study was to enhance the stability and therapeutic effects of Curcumin (Cur) through nanoformulation with gum Arabic (GA) as a coating agent through an efficient synthetic approach. The antioxidant properties of the developed nanoparticles (Cur/GANPs) were assessed through several in vitro assays, such as β-carotene bleaching activity, DPPH, and nitric oxide scavenging activities in addition to evaluating its inhibitory activity on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). The cytotoxicity of Cur/GANPs was evaluated in vitro using different types of human cancer cells including breast cancer (MCF7, MDA-MB231), liver cancer (HepG2), and colon cancer (HT29) cells. The prepared particles displayed an elliptical shape with a size ranging between 20–260 nm and a potential difference of –15 mV. The Cur/GANPs exhibited significant antioxidant activity compared to free curcumin when using concentrations between 31.5 and 500 µg/mL. The Cur/GANPs also had inhibited the growth of all cancer cell lines in a proportional trend with concentrations used. Hence, the encapsulation with gum Arabic has augmented the antioxidant and anti-neoplastic effects of Curcumin. Therefore, Cur/GANPs may have effective therapeutic properties in diseases attributed to oxidative stress like cancer and hypertension.

Highlights

The cryo-chemical method used in this study has provided several advantages compared with other conventional methods such as the small size of the end product and the greater purity and homogeneity
In the preparation of Cur/GANPs, the small size of the nanoparticles was due to the use of a highpressure homogenizer (Fig. 2)
The results showed that both curcumin and Cur/GANPs could inhibit angiotensinconverting enzyme (ACE)

Summary

Introduction

The anticancer activities of curcumin are mostly attributed to its efficiency in reverting protein oxidation including protein kinase, tyrosine kinase, and NF-kb (Notarbartolo et al, 2005; Mondal et al, 2013; Majumder et al, 2014; Meiyanto et al, 2014). These therapeutic attributes are challenged by poor solubility, rapid elimination, and low bioavailability (Yin et al, 2013; Meiyanto et al, 2014). The use of nanoparticles with their unique properties may help in overcoming the low solubility of hydrophobic agents like curcumin (Wang et al, 2013; Jafarzadeha et al, 2019)

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