Culture media for the multiplication of wild Manihot species

Jucieny Ferreira De Sá,Antônio Da Silva Sousa,Emília Dos Santos Sampaio,Karen Cristina Fialho Dos Santos,Carlos Alberto Da Silva Ledo,Maria Inês De Souza Mendes

doi:10.1590/1413-70542018426024718

Jucieny Ferreira De Sá, Antônio Da Silva Sousa + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-70542018426024718

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Abstract

ABSTRACT The cassava propagation system is slow and favors disease transmission through successive generations. Micropropagation is an alternative to overcome the aforementioned limitations, besides allowing the generation of a larger number of pest- and pathogen-free plants. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of culture media on the multiplication in vitro of five wild Manihot species. The experiment followed a completely randomized design, at factorial arrangement 5 (wild Manihot species) x 6 (culture media), with 11 repetitions. Explants consisted in nodal segments (91 cm long and one lateral bud) of species Manihot flabellifolia, M. tristis, M. caerulescens, M. chlorosticta and M. jacobinensis, which were extracted in vitro from the collection of wild cassava species. One segment was placed in each test tube added with 10 mL of MS media 0.01, 17N, 12A3, 4E, 8S and WPM, and kept for 90 days in growth room under 30 μmol m-2 s-1irradiance, temperature 27 ± 1 °C and 16h photoperiod. Variables plant height (cm), number of green leaves, number of senescent leaves, number of shoots, number of microcuttings, fresh and dry shoot mass, fresh and dry root mass (mg) and callus mass (mg) were analyzed. Our results showed that the culture medium 12A3 was not responsive to any of the species; however, if one takes into consideration variables plant height and number of microcuttings, this medium can possibly be used in the micropropagation of other wild species belonging to genus Manihot.

Highlights

Choosing the most appropriate culture medium is an essential factor during multiplication, given the importance of its components in the regeneration process in vitro
According to Villa et al (2009), the culture medium is essentially composed of water, inorganic macronutrients (N; K; Ca; Mg; P; S; Si), inorganic micronutrients (Cl; Fe; B; Mn; Na; Zn; Cu; Ni; Mo), vitamins, amino acids, sources of organic nitrogen, carbohydrates, solidifying agents and/or gelatin - when the medium is used in its solid form, and synthetic phytoregulators
Accessions characterized as Manihot flabellifolia Pohl; M. tristis Müll.Arg; M. caerulescens Pohl; M. chlorosticta Standl. and M. jacobinensis Müll.Arg were used in the present study

Summary

Introduction

Choosing the most appropriate culture medium is an essential factor during multiplication, given the importance of its components in the regeneration process in vitro. There are many culture medium formulations; the one formulated by Murashige and Skoog (1962) is mostly widespread. It is universally known as the MS medium and has been broadly applied in studies about tissue cultures, such as the nodal segment multiplication, somatic embryogenesis induction, and embryo rescue and cultivation. According to Cerqueira et al (2016), the most often used propagation method lies on stakes or manivas from the mother plant. This system contributes to pest and disease transmission, with emphasis on the systemic one, to the following generations, fact that can affect culture yield

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