Abstract
The Agenda 2030 includes a set of targets that need to be achieved by 2030. Although none of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) focuses exclusively on cultural heritage, the resulting Agenda includes explicit reference to heritage in SDG 11.4 and indirect reference to other Goals. Achievement of international targets shall happen at local and national level, and therefore, it is crucial to understand how interventions on local heritage are monitored nationally, therefore feeding into the sustainable development framework. This paper is focused on gauging the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals with reference to cultural heritage, by interrogating the current way of classifying it (and consequently monitoring). In fact, there is no common dataset associated with monitoring SDGs, and the field of heritage is extremely complex and diversified. The purpose for the paper is to understand if the taxonomy used by different national databases allows consistency in the classification and valuing of the different assets categories. The European case study has been chosen as field of investigation, in order to pilot a methodology that can be expanded in further research. A cross-comparison of a selected sample of publicly accessible national cultural heritage databases has been conducted. As a result, this study confirms the existence of general harmonisation of data towards the achievement of the SDGs with a broad agreement of the conceptualisation of cultural heritage with international frameworks, thus confirming that consistency exists in the classification and valuing of the different assets categories. However, diverse challenges of achieving a consistent and coherent approach to integrating culture in sustainability remains problematic. The findings allow concluding that it could be possible to mainstream across different databases those indicators, which could lead to depicting the overall level of attainment of the Agenda 2030 targets on heritage. However, more research is needed in developing a robust correlation between national datasets and international targets.
Highlights
All United Nations (UN) member states unanimously adopted the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015
The Millennium Development Goals (MDG) era came to an end in December 2015, and the global community decided to look back at the value of a unifying agenda underpinned by goals and targets and use the lessons learnt to effectively implement the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) from 2016 to 2030
While the MDGs committed governments and international agencies to reducing the number of people living in poverty or lacking access to essential services and infrastructure, the SDGs commit these actors to poverty eradication and universal access to these services and infrastructure
Summary
All United Nations (UN) member states unanimously adopted the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015. This resulted in a comprehensive set of 17 goals and 169 targets aimed at reducing poverty and advancing health and wellbeing for all by 2030, Agenda 2030 [1]. The compelling need for action to create inclusive cities has been recognised in commitments and recommendations set out in the Sustainable Development Goals, World Humanitarian Summit and the New Urban Agenda from Habitat III (2016). The Millennium Development Goals (MDG) era came to an end in December 2015, and the global community decided to look back at the value of a unifying agenda underpinned by goals and targets and use the lessons learnt to effectively implement the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) from 2016 to 2030. The idea is to get governments, aid organisations, foundations and NGOs on the same page about what global problems most urgently need to be solved and how to measure progress and solutions
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