Cultural Competence and the Global Role of Dietitians: A Haitian Medical Mission and Inter-Professional, Service-Learning Nutrition Course

Jessica R Bodzio,Joanne Christaldi

doi:10.2174/1876396001509010035

Abstract

As the poorest Western Hemisphere country, Haiti has a long history of health disparity including elevated rates of hypertension, HIV/AIDS, and tuberculosis. In the summer of 2012, a four-week knowledge and skills based course, including a one-week medical mission, was developed to meet the need for medical care in Haiti, and to provide an interprofessional, service-learning environment to enhance students’ cultural competence. A nonprofit volunteer organization that connects healthcare people with a community in need assisted in developing the mission trip. Background on the culture of Haiti, medical education, and development of nutrition education materials were incorporated into the course. Students participated in classroom activities, assisted with development of nutrition education materials, and maintained a reflective journal during the mission trip. Basic nutrition education, nutrition assessment and evaluation, and breastfeeding instruction were provided to Haitian patients. Additionally, students and faculty interacted with each member of the healthcare team; facilitating a greater understanding of an interprofessional approach to medical care. Incorporating a medical mission trip into dietetics education provides an opportunity to increase cultural competence of faculty and students while providing another outlet for students to gain hands-on experience. Interprofessional service-learning further enhances the educational experience and should be considered as a worthwhile educational technique. Programs looking to incorporate such a mission trip into their curriculum can follow a similar scheme of course development.

Highlights

As the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere, Haiti has a long history of health disparity
Cultural competence is a set of behaviors, attitudes, and policies that are performed to enable effective work in cross-cultural and global situations and is a necessary factor for decreasing disparities in health care [2]
Cultural competence of members of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics has been identified as a strategy for improving the health of Americans [3]

Summary

Introduction

As the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere, Haiti has a long history of health disparity. Haitian clinics rely on volunteers to provide this necessary care. Cultural competence is a set of behaviors, attitudes, and policies that are performed to enable effective work in cross-cultural and global situations and is a necessary factor for decreasing disparities in health care [2]. Cultural competence of members of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics has been identified as a strategy for improving the health of Americans [3]. “Service-learning is a teaching and learning strategy that integrates meaningful community service with instruction and reflection to enrich the learning experience, teach civic responsibility, and strengthen communities” [4]. “Interprofessional education occurs when students from two or more professions learn about, from and with each other to enable effective collaboration and improve health outcomes”.

Objectives

Conclusion