Abstract
The authors studied the possibility of cultivating fireweed in a grass mixture with nettle dioecious in the conditions of the North-Western region of the Russian Federation. It has been stated that both plants begin to grow immediately after snowmelt. The blooming phase of nettle begins simultaneously with that of fireweed. As the plants grow and develop in a grass mixture, the suppression of fireweed is noted. In the third year of life, nettle stalks were higher than those of fireweed. During the period of research, the productivity of the grass mixture was lower than that of pure fireweed plantings by 1.3 t/ha. In the single-species option, the amount of protein and the amount of metabolizable energy were 348 kg/ha and 19.5 GJ/ha respectively, which is 42 kg/ha and 2.5 GJ/ha higher than in the grass mixture. Nettle dioecious forms dense bushes in the third year of growing. Fireweed turns out to be in unfavorable conditions: its growing energy decreases, it comes into the blooming phase earlier and its suppression from the coenosis by nettle becomes evident.
Highlights
An increase in fodder production is impossible without improving the fodder production system based on the structure of fodder crops, knowledge of their peculiarities, and agroclimatic conditions of the region
Perennial grasses are the main fodder crops used in fodder production in the conditions of the European North of the Russian Federation [3]
The research has shown that the green mass yield in the ‘fireweed + nettle’ option was lower than in fireweed single-species plantings with the index of 9.7 t/ha against 11.0 t/ha
Summary
An increase in fodder production is impossible without improving the fodder production system based on the structure of fodder crops, knowledge of their peculiarities, and agroclimatic conditions of the region. The requirements for such crops are low unit costs and satisfying the need for nutrients in highly productive animals [1, 2]. Perennial grasses are the main fodder crops used in fodder production in the conditions of the European North of the Russian Federation [3]. The key factors in choosing grasses are their nutritive value, high adaptability to growing conditions, productivity and technological adaptability. Knowing the peculiarities of plant growth and development allows to design the technology of their cultivation properly
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