Cultivating Health: a Comprehensive Study on Antimicrobial Activity and Phytochemical Composition of Coriander (Coriandrum Sativum) Seeds

Abstract

The increasing rate of multi drug resistant pathogens and emergence of non-native pathogens, a quest for novel bioactive compounds has gained extensive attention. Plants have always been serving us as a potential source of bioactive metabolites further resulting in antimicrobial production which is of great use. Coriandrum sativum, commonly known as Coriander or Cilantro, has been celebrated for its culinary uses, adding a burst of flavor and flavor and aroma to dishes worldwide. Beyond its gastronomic delights, this herbaceous plant holds gem within its seeds- a treasure trove of antimicrobial compounds. Coriandrum sativum is one of those valuable plants that contain essential components known as ‘phytochemicals’ and microbe inhibiting property known as ‘antimicrobial property’. The present work is done to test whether Coriandrum sativum contains the phytochemicals and antimicrobial property or not. People consume it as remedy for various diseases like diarrhea, acidity, cholesterol, diabetes, UTI and many more. The phytochemical analysis of the seeds the plant was carried out and it was revealed that they produce essential phytochemicals like tannin, flavonoid, saponin, phenol, steroid, carbohydrate etc. Chemicals like chloroform, Fehling’s solution, H2SO4, HCl etc. were used for the phytochemical tests. The antimicrobial activity of the plant against gram positive and gram-negative bacterial species E. coli were also observed. To test the antimicrobial property, two different solvents Methanol and Petroleum ether were added to seed extract of the plant. Well diffusion method was used for this. After the analysis, positive result was observed which was indicated by a zone of inhibition.