CuI/Oxalamide Catalyzed Couplings of (Hetero)aryl Chlorides and Phenols for Diaryl Ether Formation

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AbstractCouplings between (hetero)aryl chlorides and phenols can be effectively promoted by CuI in combination with an N‐aryl‐N′‐alkyl‐substituted oxalamide ligand to proceed smoothly at 120 °C. For this process, N‐aryl‐N′‐alkyl‐substituted oxalamides are more effective ligands than bis(N‐aryl)‐substituted oxalamides. A wide range of electron‐rich and electron‐poor aryl and heteroaryl chlorides gave the corresponding coupling products in good yields. Satisfactory conversions were achieved with electron‐rich phenols as well as a limited range of electron‐poor phenols. Catalyst and ligand loadings as low as 1.5 mol % are sufficient for the scaled‐up variants of some of these reactions.