Abstract
Crystallization of Cd, Pb and Cu phosphates at 5 and 37°C has been studied. Cadmium phosphate is found exclusively as Cd 5H 2(PO 4) 4, 4H 2O. With increasing pH the morphology changes from regular prismatic crystals to twins, aggregates and dendrites. Mixed crystals are formed with Ca substitution up to 75%. Solubility decreases with increasing Ca substitution. Lead phosphate is found mainly as PbHPO 4, but at high pH Pb 5OH(PO 4) 3 is dominating as very small crystals. Those of PbHPO 4 are elongated tabular and rather irregular. Aggregates are frequent at low pH and highly irregular crystals otherwise. Calcium reduces irregularities and aggregation. The degree of Ca substitution is lower than in the other systems studied. No effect of Ca on solubility or IR spectra was observed. The copper system yielded Cu 3(OH) 3PO 4 and CuNH 4PO 4 at 5°C, but Cu 2OHPO 4 at 37°C. Ca increases crystal size markedly. Ca substitution at 37°C ranges from 14 to 55%.
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