Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) visualization is applied throughout many specialities, prompting an important breakthrough in accessibility and modeling of data. Experimental rendering and computerized reconstruction of objects has influenced many scientific achievements, facilitating one of the greatest advancements in medical education since the first illustrated anatomy book changed specialist training forever. Modern medicine relies on detailed, high quality virtual models for educational, experimental and clinical purposes. Almost all current virtual visualization methods rely on object slicing producing serial sections, which can then be digitalized or analyzed manually. The tendency to computerize serial sections roots from convenience, accessibility, decent visualization quality and automation capabilities. Drawbacks of serial section imaging is tissue damage occurring within each consequent sectioning. To utilize the important aspects of real-life object reconstruction, and maintain integrity of biological structures, we suggest a novel method of low-temperature layering of objects for digitization and computerized virtual reconstruction. Here we show the process of consequent imaging of each novel layer of a biological object, which provides a computer with high quality data for virtual reconstruction and creation of a multidimensional real-life model. Our method prevents tissue deformation and biodegradation due to specific methods used in preparation of the biological object. The resulting images can be applied in surgical training, medical education and numerous scientific fields for realistic reconstruction of biological objects.
Highlights
Three-dimensional (3D) visualization is applied throughout many specialities, prompting an important breakthrough in accessibility and modeling of data
We developed a novel method of virtual reconstruction of biological objects by sequenced layering via highprecision low temperature micro-milling of flash-frozen embedded specimen and consequent digitization
After complete micro-milling of entire cryogenic specimen, a three-dimensional model consisting of discrete high quality layered elements is attained using captured surface images from each novel layer
Summary
Three-dimensional (3D) visualization is applied throughout many specialities, prompting an important breakthrough in accessibility and modeling of data. Almost all current virtual visualization methods rely on object slicing producing serial sections, which can be digitalized or analyzed manually. We show the process of consequent imaging of each novel layer of a biological object, which provides a computer with high quality data for virtual reconstruction and creation of a multidimensional real-life model. Our attempts with virtual 3D reconstruction of microtome sectioned material showed significant drawbacks of this method, due to notable tissue deformation and abundance of artifacts. This was due to the fact that each layer was deformed during preparation of sections, making impossible proper image layering. We began development of a method that would account for these deficiencies
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