Abstract
This article is devoted to the study of the role of natural cryogenic resources in the traditional subsistence systems of the people of Russia. The main source of the actual information and the empirical basis reflecting the features of traditional ecological knowledge of the ethnic groups considered in the article are the scientific publications and ethnographic descriptions made by Russian researchers in the second half of the 19th century through to the beginning of the 21st century, and the results of our modern field research in the territory of Siberia and the Far East of Russia. The methodology of the study lies in the field of ethnoecology, and contains comparative and typological approaches, which have allowed for the detection and systematization of the main spheres of using natural cryogenic resources in traditional subsistence systems by the people of Russia, which include using the environment for indigenous subsistence, building materials, food preservation, obtaining potable water, the irrigation of crops, etc. In conclusion, some of the prospective for the ethnoecological examination of the role of the natural cryogenic resources in traditional subsistence systems were designated, and adaptations to modern innovative technologies based on the rational use of natural resources were also examined.
Highlights
Due to the prevalence of a cold climate and being situated in the Arctic latitudes, most of Russia has a unique variety of different natural phenomena connected with low temperatures
At the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries due to global warming and an increase in the interest in indigenous subsistence, studies of the environmental values of natural cryogenic recourses have been developed [21,24,26,27,28,31]. If we compare this situation with the modern global trends, we can see that in the United States (USA), Canada, Greenland, and Nordic countries, there has been a wide development in the study of the environmental value of natural cryogenic resources in the context of studying indigenous subsistence [34,35], changes in the hydrological regime [36,37,38], and Arctic tourism [39]
Analysis of the review of traditional ecological knowledge, presented in this article, allowed us to select some prospective fields of study into the role of natural cryogenic resources in traditional subsistence systems
Summary
Due to the prevalence of a cold climate and being situated in the Arctic latitudes, most of Russia has a unique variety of different natural phenomena connected with low temperatures. The cryogenic conditions of Northern Asia have affected the traditional culture and economic activity of the people who live in this area. This situation still has not been systematically investigated by modern science. The reason for this lies in long-existing stereotypes, according to which the low temperatures and cryogenic phenomena have been considered adverse and dangerous for people. The problems regarding how to protect mankind from the influences of the cryosphere seemed to be more relevant for science
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