Crustal deformation revealed by GPS in Kumaun Himalaya, India

Abstract

The foremost Global Positioning System (GPS) derived measurements in the Kumaun Himalaya indicate that most of the crustal motion of the Indian plate is accommodating towards the base as well as on the hanging wall of Main Central Thrust (MCT). Deformation pattern within the Kumaun Himalaya varies from south to north and indicates maximum deformation rate near MCT. Our study, based on the campaign mode GPS survey during 2003 - 2006, reveals that the area between north of North Almora Thrust (NAT) and at the base of Great Himalaya registers maximum strain rate, which is lowered towards the Trans Himadri Fault (THF). The GAMIT-GLOBK processed campaign data of the area show that currently, the Himalayan Frontal Fault (HFF) and Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) are locked with the Indian plate, and a 6.7 ± 2.5 mm/yr of horizontal shortening is taking place between the Lesser Himalaya and Peninsular India.