Crowdsourcing to develop open-access learning resources on antimicrobial resistance

Eneyi E Kpokiri,Jason J Ong,Noah Fongwen,Dan Wu,Joseph D Tucker,Randall John,Christina C Chang,Jehan Z Budak

doi:10.1186/s12879-021-06628-0

Abstract

ObjectivesAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant threat to global public health. Many medical curricula have limited clinical cases and materials focused on AMR, yet enhanced AMR education and training are needed to support antimicrobial stewardship programmes. We used crowdsourcing methods to develop open-access, learner-centred AMR resources. Crowdsourcing is the process of having a large group, including experts and non-experts, solve a problem and then share solutions with the public.MethodsWe organised a global crowdsourcing contest soliciting AMR-related multiple-choice questions, infographics, and images. First, we convened a diverse steering committee group to finalise a call for entries. Second, we launched the contest and disseminated the call for entries using social media, blog posts, email, and an in-person event. Partner institutions included two digital healthcare platforms: Figure 1® and Ding Xiang Yuan. Both organizations serve as online communities for healthcare specialists and professionals to report and comment on clinical information. At the end of the call, solicited entries were screened for eligibility and judged on merit and relevance to AMR learning and education. Exceptional entries were recognised, awarded prizes, and further reviewed for sharing with the public via open-access platforms.ResultsWe received 59 entries from nine countries. These included 54 multiple-choice questions, four infographics, and one image. Eligible entries (n = 56) were reviewed and assigned a score on a 1–10 scale. Eight entries received mean scores greater than 6.0 and were selected as finalists. The eight finalist entries consisted of three infographics and five multiple-choice questions. They were disseminated through open-access publications and online medical communities. Although we launched a global call, we relied heavily on medical student groups and the entries received were not entirely globally representative.ConclusionsWe demonstrate that crowdsourcing challenge contests can be used to identify infectious disease teaching materials. Medical educators and curriculum developers can adapt this method to solicit additional teaching content for medical students.

Highlights

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health problem
We demonstrate that crowdsourcing challenge contests can be used to identify infectious disease teaching materials
We have demonstrated that crowdsourcing methods can be used to identify open-access medical education materials on antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

Summary

Introduction

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health problem. Antimicrobial stewardship programmes are increasingly designed to enhance and expand medical school infectious disease curricula [1,2,3]. Educational antimicrobial stewardship can be beneficial to clinicians in high and lowincome settings to increase their understanding of AMR. Studies from the United States and Europe suggest gaps in medical student exposure to appropriate antimicrobial prescribing practices and AMR [6, 7]. Separate surveys in the Congo and Ethiopia suggest poor levels of AMR understanding among healthcare providers and students [8, 9]. To address AMR, the World Health Organization (WHO) suggests implementing more vigorous educational models and training for healthcare providers [11]. In the past, crowdsourcing has been used to expand existing medical curricula and develop flashcard study tools for preclinical education [13,14,15]. Researchers have successfully crowdsourced challenging, high quality, and complex multiple-choice questions (MCQs) from medical students [16]

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