Abstract
We report the fabrication and improved properties of crosslinked polyarylene ether nitrile (CPEN) interpenetrating with a zinc ion bridged graphene sheet (GS) and carbon nanotube (CNT) network (GS-Zn-CNT) (CPEN/GS-Zn-CNT). Graphene oxide (GO) and acidulated CNT were firstly prepared and then coordinated with zinc ions to form the zinc ion bridged GO and CNT network (GO-Zn-CNT). The mass ratio of GO and acidulated CNT in GO-Zn-CNT was controlled to be 1:3 and the optimized content of Zn2+ was Zn2+/C = 0.01 mmol/mg (mole of zinc acetate/total weight of GO and acidulated CNT). Phthalonitrile end-capped polyarylene ether nitrile (PEN-Ph) permeated into the GO-Zn-CNT in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and the corresponding composite PEN/GO-Zn-CNT was fabricated through the solution-casting method. After thermal annealing at 230 °C for 1 h and further curing at 320 °C for 2 h, the GO in GO-Zn-CNT was partly reduced into GS, and PEN-Ph was crosslinked, offering the CPEN/GS-Zn-CNT. The mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of the obtained CPEN/GS-Zn-CNT were investigated in detail. The glass transition temperature, relative permittivity, and tensile strength of CPEN/GS-Zn-CNT with 2.0 wt % GS-Zn-CNT, compared to that of PEN, were increased by 18%, 181%, and 27%, respectively. The CPEN/GS-Zn-CNT based composite is a potential candidate as material in high performance electronic devices.
Highlights
Polyarylene ether nitrile (PEN) has attracted extensive attention from the scientific research community owing to its outstanding properties, including radiation resistance, good mechanical properties, and high thermal stability [1,2,3]
The extensive existing of -CN on the side-chain of PEN can promote the dielectric properties of PEN effectively, the relative permittivity (~3–4) of PEN is still limited to application in electrical equipment
Additives including polyaniline [8], copper phthalocyanine [9], barium titanate [10,11], titanium dioxide [12], carbon nanotubes CNTs [13], graphene/graphene oxide [14], among others, have been incorporated into the PEN matrix to obtain the corresponding composites with improved physical properties
Summary
Polyarylene ether nitrile (PEN) has attracted extensive attention from the scientific research community owing to its outstanding properties, including radiation resistance, good mechanical properties, and high thermal stability [1,2,3]. Additives including polyaniline [8], copper phthalocyanine [9], barium titanate [10,11], titanium dioxide [12], carbon nanotubes CNTs [13], graphene/graphene oxide [14], among others, have been incorporated into the PEN matrix to obtain the corresponding composites with improved physical properties. The carbon materials (CNT and graphene) have attracted extensive attention in the PEN based composites resulting from their outstanding thermal, mechanical, electrical, and optical properties. The thermal and dielectric properties of the obtained semi-interpenetrating networks have been effectively improved compared with those of pristine PEN. Crosslinking is another generally used method to improve the physical properties of linear polymers. The fabrication and improved properties of the obtained CPEN/GS-Zn-CNT are investigated in detail
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