Cross-sectional Imaging of Bifid Mandibular Condyle – A Rare Condition

Abstract

Mandibular condyles constitute a major part of the temporomandibular joint. Bifid mandibular condyle (BMC) is a rare morphological variant of the condyle that is asymptomatic in most cases and can be diagnosed incidentally on a orthopantomogram during routine radiographic examination. But orthopantomography is a 2-dimensional imaging modality with various structures superimposed over the temporomandibular region causing practical difficulty in the diagnosis of BMC. The exact morphological architecture of the condyles can be more accurately visualized in advanced imaging techniques like computed tomography (CT) and cone beam computed tomography (CBMT), helping in the diagnosis of the bifid condyles. The radiological appearance of BMC varies depending on direction and depth of the separating groove. The typical radiographic presentation in most cases is a complete or incomplete split of the condylar heads, separated by a groove. This paper presents a case of a unilateral BMC on the right side which was diagnosed CBMT.