Crop correlations with structure elements in varieties of grain sorghum of various ecological and geographical origin

Alexander Baranovskiy,Sergey Kapustin,Tatyana Kosogova,Nikolay Konoplya,Andrey Kapustin,O Loretts,S Vinogradov,A Ruchkin,N Ojha,V Kukhar

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202022203018

Alexander Baranovskiy, Sergey Kapustin + Show 8 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022203018

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Abstract

In the conditions of the Donbass region, 38 varieties of grain sorghum of various ecological and geographical origin-breeding companies of Western Europe (“RAGT SEMENCES”, “EURALIS SEMENCES”, “PIONEER”), Ukraine, Russia, the international company “ADVANTA”, the American company “RICHARDSON SEED” were studied. Field research was carried out in the period from 2016 to 2018 in the experimental field of the Lugansk National Agrarian University on ordinary shallow weakly washed blackearth (chernozem) on loess-loam. It was found that the most adapted and productive (6,0 t/ha of grain or more) were early – maturing hybrids – Swift and Queyras; middle early – Solarius, PR88Y20, Bianca, Puma Star; mid-season - Bounty. The most productive (5,0 t/ha and more grain) varieties – Odessky 205, Krupinka 10, Darunok, Zersta 97. The average positive correlation between the duration of the growing season of varieties and crop yield was established. The density of the productive stem in the range from 11 to 25 panicles per 1 m2, the length of the panicle leg and the weight of 1000 grains did not have a significant correlation with the level of sorghum yield. Sorghum yield had an average and increased correlation with panicle weight, grain weight per panicle, number of grains per panicle, grain type, and medium negative relationship with plant height.

Highlights

In the conditions of increasing aridity of the climate, the issue of expanding crops of drought-resistant crops with high yield potential and demand on the world market becomes urgent
In a favorable 2016 year, modern high-intensity early-ripening and mid-early hybrids of domestic and foreign selection most fully revealed their genetic potential of productivity, exceeding the yield level of 6.0-6.5 t/ha of grain (SSD05 = 0.29 t/ha)
The yield level of the studied varieties of grain sorghum on average for 2016-2018 years directly depended on the duration of the growing season of the crop (r = 0.58 ± 0.14)

Summary

Introduction

In the conditions of increasing aridity of the climate, the issue of expanding crops of drought-resistant crops with high yield potential and demand on the world market becomes urgent. A promising solution to this problem is the grain sorghum crop, which ranks fifth in the world in terms of production and cultivation area, after wheat, corn, rice and barley. In the Lugansk region, the weather and climate conditions are quite favorable for growing early-maturing, and medium-maturing varieties and hybrids of grain sorghum, which annually provide a crop yield of 5,0-6,0 t/ha of grain. Growing grain sorghum in the arid conditions of the Lugansk region provided a significantly higher grain yield compared to other common spring crops – barley and corn (table 1)

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