Critical protection points of the digestive staff during the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia

The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia, as a public health emergency, can cause adverse effects on public mental health. Anxiety, depression, insomnia, and acute stress disorder are the common psychological responses. Perinatal women, as a special susceptible population, maternal psychological protection is of great significance. Clinical experts from Peking Union Medical College Hospital as well as psychologist from the Center for Maternal and Child Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention offer an expert proposal for the maternal, maternal families, maternal health and mental health staff, based on maternal mental health work and related researches. Key words: novel coronavirus pneumonia; public health emergency; maternal; psychological protection; expert proposal

Masks is an important protective equipment, which became extremely expendable during the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia. In order to avoid improper use of masks and reduce the spread of disease, this article provides basic information about the classification of masks, analyzes essential parameters to evaluate the effectiveness of protection including filtration efficiency, ventilation compression, fitting, air resistance, breathability, moisture permeability, blood penetration, microbiology test, skin irritation, and etc. The performance of different mask products from different countries and regions is summarized and compared, especially those suitable for medical personnel. The aim of this article is to enhance the knowledge and awareness of rational use of masks by medical staff and to provide reference and basis for medical institutions to adopt qualified mask products. Key words: Novel coronavirus; Masks; Protective devices; Classification; Reference standards

With the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia, Beijing You'an Hospital has become one of the three infectious disease specialist hospitals designated to treat patients of such pneumonia. Under the premise of comprehensively implementing various emergency treatment tasks and ensuring the normal operation of other wards, the Nursing Department has put in place emergency plans and deployed due manpower for rapid response, timely personnel deployment, and reasonable reserve echelon structure. These measures have been taken as required by the patients’ numbers, critical conditions, disease diagnosis, and the guidelines of treatment and protection. While ensuring the completion of treatment work, we manage to leverage nursing human resources in a scientific, standardized and maximized efficiency manner, to ensure the quality of nursing, and the physical and mental health of nursing staff. Key words: Novel coronavirus pneumonia; Public health emergency; Specialist hospital; Nursing; Human resource management

Patients with diabetes seems to be more vulnerable to 2019 novel coronavirus with increased morbidity and mortality. With the aim of decreasing virus transmission and protecting susceptible population, long-term prescription and household self-quarantine were encouraged for patients with chronic disease. However, these may lead to difficulties in diabetes management. Although mobile health technology was applied to the self-management of diabetes, most of these mobile applications are lack of the involvement of professional medical personnels, witch results in limited effect. From 14 February 2020, “306 Diabetes Club”, a mobile-based public WeChat account established by the Department of Endocrinology, was applied to outpatients with diabetes in PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center. By providing online medical consultation as well as educational videos and e-books, we explored the diabetes management model based on Internet and physician-nurse collaborative medical consultation during the outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia.

The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia is a public health emergency, which not only threatens people's physical health, but also brings psychological impact to the public, causing corresponding psychological and behavioral problems. On January 26, 2020, the government issued the guiding principles of emergent psychological crisis intervention in the novel coronavirus pneumonia. This paper summarizes the general contents of the guiding principles from five aspects: who provides (psychological crisis intervention service), provides to whom, what to provide, how to provide and precautions, and puts forward some thoughts to help the mental health workers who provide relevant services better understanding and implementing the guiding principles. Key words: Novel coronavirus pneumonia; Public health emergency; Psychological crisis intervention

Since the outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia(NCP), hospitals have taken the fight against the virus as its own responsibility, and keep standing in the front line of epidemic prevention and control. The continuous input of anti-epidemic forces in hospitals also brings challenges to the medical supplies support, including the management of protective supplies and the maintenance of medical equipment. In the face of increasing security pressure, the medical materials support team broke the game on multiple fronts. Firstly, the team implements active material procurement strategy, sets material distribution priority according to risk level, releases materials uniformly based on stock and use, and implements traceability management of donated materials to ensure material supply. Secondly, centralized allocation management of equipment, emergency installation, advanced maintenance and emergency maintenance work is effectively completed. Thirdly, disinfection strategies for items and equipment are developed safely and effectively with the aid of disinfection equipment functions. At last, personnel management and training have been strengthened. These measures have provided strong support for the orderly prevention and control of the epidemic. Key words: clinical medical engineering; New crown pneumonia; Medical material support; Medical equipment maintenance

When novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak occurs, when the operating room accepts suspected or confirmed patients for surgery, in addition to the strict implementation of isolation measures by medical personnel, the department should formulate a thorough disposal process and management system based on the characteristics of the epidemic. Based on the national standard and the diagnosis and treatment plan of this epidemic, this article makes a detailed summary from the aspects of preoperative screening, personnel and environmental preparation, intraoperative attention, postoperative treatment, personnel training, department management, etc., so as to facilitate clinical implementation. Key words: Novel coronavirus pneumonia; Surgery; Treatment

A high contagious virus - Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is proved to be the pathogen causing a global outbreak of Novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), which is threatening the global public health. This article preliminarily reviews several different aspects, including the characteristics of 2019-nCoV, the anatomical connection between ocular surface and respiratory tract, previous work on the link between respiratory virus and ocular complication,and the data of Angiotension-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor expression and molecular detection of SARS virus in tear.Based on these reviews, intervention measures are advised for ophthalmic practitioner, whilst suggestions areindicated forfurther clinical and basic investigations in the future. Key words: novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV); novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP); eye; interventions

Since January 2020, as ophthalmologists working at the center of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) outbreak in Wuhan, China, we found 3 cases in 30 COVID-19 patients with binocular conjunctivitis.Of them, one case visited for conjunctivitis as a first symptom and then diagnosed as COVID-19 three days later, and two cases visited for binocular conjunctivitis during the COVID-19 onset.In 3 patients, conjunctivitis was manifested as signs of viral conjunctivitis from mild to moderate.The symptoms of two patients disappeared after treatment of antiviral eyedrops for 7 to 10 days and another patient died of COVID-19.Interestingly, although we detected positive viral nucleic acid in the conjunctiva sacs of 2 of other 27 COVID-19 patients by using swabs and RT-PCR technology, no conjunctivitis occurred in these two patients. Key words: Coronavirus; Infection; Novel coronavirus pneumonia; Conjunctivitis

During the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia, the authors followed the follow-up WeChat group for the patients underwent colorectal cancer, and summarized the concerns of patients and their families. It is recommended to maintain communication with the physicians, and perform adjuvant chemotherapy at the local hospital. The authors also answered common questions after surgery and during adjuvant chemotherapy. Traditional Chinese Medicine treatment is recommended at the same time. In daily life during home, the patients should maintain a positive and optimistic attitude, increase fiber intake, not consume irritating foods and excessive fats, take appropriate dairy products, quit smoking and alcohol, and take appropriate activities. Chemotherapy and follow-up were forced to be delayed appropriately, which will not affect the overall treatment effect. Key words: Novel coronavirus pneumonia; Colorectal neoplasms; Adjuvant chemotherapy; Patient education

Objective To investigate the public psychosocial status and regional differences of Chinese residents during the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to distribute online self-assessment tools of mental health including the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale through WeChat and other self media platforms from January 30 to February 13, 2020. A total of 14 592 people from 31 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) in China were evaluated on mental health. The positive detection rate was regarded as the primary outcome measure. Results The positive detection rate of SRQ-20 was 33.2% (4 840/14 592), and that of the PHQ-9 was 53.5% (7 503/14 037), with 29.3% (4 115/14 037) for mild, 14.0% (1 967/14 037) for moderate and 10.1% (1 421/14 037) for severe depression. The positive detection rate of GAD-7 was 44.6% (6 196/13 904), with 27.8% (3 862/13 904) for mild, 10.2% (1 413/13 904) for moderate and 6.6% (921/13 904) for severe anxiety. Except for a few areas, the positive rates of these three scales were almost the same all over the country, and the anxiety level of the inhabitants in Hubei province was significantly higher than that in other provinces. Conclusion As a Public Health Emergency of International Concern, Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has brought obvious psychological impact to the nationwide people, with more prominent in anxiety and depression. The public is in a general group crisis in the early stage of the outbreak, especially in areas with serious epidemic situation. It is suggested that great attention should be paid to public mental health while fighting against the epidemic situation aiming at ensuring their life safety, so as to implement effective psychological assistance and timely psychological crisis intervention. Key words: Public Health Emergency; Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19); Mental health; Chinese residents; Cross-Sectional Study

The novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has spread from Wuhan to all parts of China since December 2019, and the prevention and control of NCP is a top priority for medical staff. Now report three cases of NCP patients, whose viral nucleic acids still positive in stool after throat swab detection turned negative. In view of the highly homologous and similar clinical manifestations between the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and the severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS) related coronaviruses, it is recommended to attach great importance to the detection of the viral nucleic acids in stool, with the reference of SARS prevention and control experience. In order to minimize the risks of gastrointestinal spread, the detection of 2019-nCoV nucleic acids in stool may be recommended as the reference standard of disisolation and discharge. Key words: Novel coronavirus pneumonia; Stool; Throat swab; Prevention and control

Since the emergence of the new coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei Province in December 2019, there have been outbreaks in other parts of the country and abroad, seriously affecting the lives and health of the people. Except from fever clinic and infectious disease department, it was reported that nosocomial infection has occurred in some general departments. To prevent and control nosocomial infection and the outbreak of new coronavirus pneumonia in hospitals, medical staffs of general departments should implement strict personal protection and environmental management, establish new workflow policy and procedure, and strengthen full humanistic care under the guideline of diagnosis and treatment plan for new coronavirus pneumonia developed by the National Health Service Committee. Key words: Novel coronavirus pneumonia; Medical staff; Control measures

At the end of December 2019, a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) caused an outbreak in Wuhan, and has quickly spread to all provinces in China and 26 other countries around the world, leading to a serious situation for epidemic prevention. So far, there is still no specific medicine. Previous studies have shown that chloroquine phosphate (chloroquine) had a wide range of antiviral effects, including anti-coronavirus. Here we found that treating the patients diagnosed as novel coronavirus pneumonia with chloroquine might improve the success rate of treatment, shorten hospital stay and improve patient outcome. In order to guide and regulate the use of chloroquine in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia, the multicenter collaboration group of Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province and Health Commission of Guangdong Province for chloroquine in the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia developed this expert consensus after extensive discussion. It recommended chloroquine phosphate tablet, 500mg twice per day for 10 days for patients diagnosed as mild, moderate and severe cases of novel coronavirus pneumonia and without contraindications to chloroquine.

Objective To investigate the CT and clinical features of 2019 novel coronavirus (NCP) pneumonia. Methods Chest CT and clinical data of confirmed 103 patients with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in January 2020, retrospectively. According to diagnosis and treatment of NCP infected pneumonia (trial version 5), all the patients were classified into mild(n=58), severe (n=36) and very severe (n=9) type, and their clinical findings, laboratory examination and CT finding were analyzed. CT features included lesions’ distribution, location, size, shape, edge, number, density, percentage of pneumonia lesions of the whole lung and extra-pulmonary manifestations. The CT features of different clinical subtypes were compared using χ2test or Fisher's exact probability. Comparisons between the percentage of pneumonic lesions to total lung volume were computed by using analysis of variance (normal distribution) or Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test (non-normal distribution). Results In terms of clinical manifestations, the patients with severe NCP were more common in elderly men, with a median age of 65 years. Fever was the first symptom in 49 (84%) of 58 patients with NCP, and fever was the first symptom in both severe and critical NCP patients. The incidence of cough in severe (25 / 36, 69%) and critical (6 /9, 67%) NCP patients was higher than that in general (20 /58, 34%). All critical patients have dyspnea. In terms of CT findings, common NCP showed double lung (40/58,71%) multiple (40 / 58,69%) ground glass (31/58,52%) or mixed (25 / 58,43%) lesions (56 / 58,97%); severe and critical NCP showed double lung lesions, heavy NCP mainly showed multiple (34 / 36,96%) patches (33 / 36,92%) mixed density lesions (26 / 36,72%); 9 severe NCP lesions were more than 3 cm Mixed density lesions. The percentage of pneumonia focus in the whole lung volume: the common type (12.5% ± 6.1%) was significantly lower than the severe type (25.9% ± 10.7%) and the critical type (47.2% ± 19.2%) NCP, the difference was statistically significant (P values were < 0.001 and 0.002 respectively), and the severe type NCP was also significantly lower than the critical type (P = 0.032). Conclusions CT and clinical features of different clinical types of NCP pneumonia are different. Chest CT findings have unique characteristic, which can not only make early diagnosis, but also evaluate its clinical course and severity. Key words: Coronavirus infection; Pneumonia; Tomography, X-ray computed