Abstract
A local hidden-variable model is exhibited for the experiments by Aspect, Grangier, and Roger [Phys. Rev. Lett. 47, 460 (1981); 49, 91 (1982)] and Aspect, Dalibard, and Roger [Phys. Rev. Lett. 49, 1804 (1982)] measuring polarization correlation of optical-photon pairs. The model agrees with quantum-mechanical predictions for all measurable quantities even with ideal polarizers and detectors, and emphasizes the need of a high degree of directional correlation, besides the correlation of spin (or polarization or other quantities), in any test of locality. It is proved that homogeneous inequalities, involving only coincidence detection rates, cannot discriminate between quantum mechanics and local theories, which invalidates all previously used empirical tests. The role of supplementary assumptions, like the so-called no enhancement, for the derivation of Bell's inequalities is discussed. Finally it is conjectured that quantum mechanics might be compatible with local realism, if we assume that not all self-adjoint operators represent observables and not all density operators represent states.
Highlights
Several Bell inequalities [1] have been put to the test in the past few years and have been violated by experiments.(For reviews see Refs. [2,3,4])
It is conjectured that quantum mechanics might be compatible with local realism, if we assume that not all self-adjoint operators represent observables and not all density operators represent states
We have proved that no experimental test of a Bell inequality has shown a true refutation of LHV theories or local realism
Summary
Emilio Santos Departamento de Fisica Moderna, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain (Received 4 December 1991;revised manuscript received 18 May 1992). A local hidden-variable model is exhibited for the experiments by Aspect, Grangier, and Roger [Phys. 47, 460 (1981); 49, 91 (1982)] and Aspect, Dalibard, and Roger [Phys. 49, 1804 (1982)] measuring polarization correlation of optical-photon pairs. The model agrees with quantummechanical predictions for all measurable quantities even with ideal polarizers and detectors, and emphasizes the need of a high degree of directional correlation, besides the correlation of spin (or polarization or other quantities), in any test of locality. It is proved that homogeneous inequalities, involving only coincidence detection rates, cannot discriminate between quantum mechanics and local theories, which invalidates all previously used empirical tests. It is conjectured that quantum mechanics might be compatible with local realism, if we assume that not all self-adjoint operators represent observables and not all density operators represent states
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