Critical analysis of sustainable ways of removing insidious pollutants from the environment through phytoremediation techniques

Abstract

ABSTRACT Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) are poisonous, environmentally harmful, volatile organic pollutants deposited worldwide due to atmospheric cycling. POPs are increasingly gaining attention on a global scale because of their persistence. Humans experience endocrine and reproductive issues and cancer as a result of it. The ecological consequences of POPs highlight the interdependence of the ecosystem and the need for global pollution control to protect biodiversity and the ecosystem's health. While several effective management strategies exist, the most practical and environmentally friendly method is to remove POPs using various phytoremediation techniques and numerous soil-based bacterial-aided methods. This review analyzed the kinetic analysis and organic mechanism in each phytoremediation technique. A literature survey was also conducted to determine the advancements in this area for efficiently removing POPs. This review includes a graphical abstract comparing the Scopus publications on this topic and a summary of the existing information on several phytoremediation approaches for reducing the impact of POPs in the soil. It focuses on current research and prospects to enhance phytoremediation's effectiveness in POP dissipation. Continued research and collaboration are essential to significantly advance POP removal and environmental remediation and improve global efforts to address environmental contamination.