CRISIS MANAGEMENT AS A SCIENTIFIC COMPONENT OF MANAGEMENT DECISIONS IN THE SPHERE OF CIVIL PROTECTION

Abstract

A condition for the sustainable functioning of the civil protection system is a clear understanding of the nature of crisis situations and emergencies in terms of public administration functions and tasks.
 An analysis of the functioning of the state system of technological and natural safety in Ukraine shows that modern principles of protection of the population and territories are implemented at an extremely slow pace.
 One of the main reasons for the low level of safety of the population, territories, social, technogenic and natural objects in Ukraine is the weakness of the state policy aimed at strengthening preventive activities in the field of technogenic and natural safety.
 Investigate the scientific component of managerial decision-making with a rapid change in the limits and boundary conditions of an emergency and the possibility of applying a crisis management methodology.
 The processes of making a management decision in the emergency are vital, for example, in the event of fires, catastrophes, natural disasters, where it is not just about the optimal use of material and financial resources, but first of all about people’s lives.
 Reducing the time for the development, adoption and implementation of managerial decisions, the growth of uncertainty and risk, the need to attract additional resources from the reserves, and the existence of different modes of functioning of the public administration system in the emergency conditions indicate that public administration in this area has certain features. Their consideration in the activities of state administration bodies under the emergency will reduce the likelihood of inadequate management decisions, will save resources and time to eliminate the consequences of the emergency, reduce losses.
 Crisis management methodology allows you to determine the two basic things about managing in an emergency, namely the vulnerability and sustainability of the operation of the object (industry, administrative territory). That is, vulnerability is the lack of ability to perform important functions before and after an emergency (such as evacuation, search and rescue, crisis communications, public information, etc.). Accordingly, sustainability is the ability to function under the influence of an emergency factor, to promote public awareness of an emergency, and to build capacity through hazard and vulnerability analysis, resource accumulation, planning, training and training of emergency response services and volunteers.
 Crisis and emergency activities involve close cooperation with various institutions and structures outside the usual context of communication. There are severe time constraints that prevent the identification of who is responsible for solving the problem. The key to this is the degree of readiness for action in such circumstances, a predefined range of responsibilities and a division of responsibilities, which implies the ability to take on a much larger range of challenges and potential threats compared to their existing experience.
 The degree of readiness for action in such circumstances and their effectiveness and efficiency may depend on the reputation of the institution and its management. In this respect, the crisis not only poses new threats to managers, but also opens up new opportunities for them (effective actions in crisis situations and emergencies can help the career growth and authority of the manager).
 Extremely important are the decision-making processes in emergencies, such as in the event of fires, technogenic disasters, natural disasters, when it comes not only to the optimal use of material and financial resources, but first and foremost about the lives of people.
 Reduced time for the development, adoption and implementation of management decisions, increasing uncertainty and risk, the need to attract additional resources from the reserves, the availability of different modes of functioning of the system of public administration in the conditions of the emergency indicate that public administration in this area has certain features. Their consideration in the activities of public administration bodies in the conditions of the emergency will reduce the likelihood of making inadequate management decisions, will help to save resources and time to eliminate the consequences of the emergency, and to reduce losses.