Abstract

ABSTRACT This study examines the phenomenon of transforming crime into political capital, drawing on cases from the Philippines, then Donald Trump in the United States. It introduces three archetypes of politicians who use crime as political capital: the Criminal Politician, the Political Criminal, and the Fascist Criminal Politician. Additionally, the concept of criminal populism is introduced, highlighting how a politician’s criminal acts can become political assets by enhancing their appeal in electoral processes. The focus here is on intersections of crime and electoral processes, on how criminals use public performance and narrative construction within criminal justice institutions and political arenas to strengthen their support as populist leaders among the electorate. Furthermore, the concept of penal populism, 1 defined as the advocacy for anti-crime policies and legislation , is juxtaposed with criminal populism to offer a comprehensive understanding of the three new archetypes and their impacts on the intersection of crime and politics.

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