Abstract
The present research examined creative drawing processes in teams of gifted adolescents with different educational specializations, including teams with homogeneous (the same specialization) and heterogeneous (mixed specialization) composition. Based on the converging evidence from protocol and Linkography analyses, we identified the differences in frequency and dynamic distribution of distinct creative processes between the different teams specializing in visual art, natural science, humanities, as well as mixed specialization teams. Visualization processes played a crucial role for visual art, science, mixed, but not for humanities teams. All teams except humanities had visual planning earlier in the creative process. Visual artists’ visualization processes developed prominently and continuously throughout all stages of creative production with the main focus on visual aesthetics while for scientists, they developed more discreetly, and in conjunction with understanding of function. Mixed and visual art teams shared many similarities, and they had the highest level of integration between the ideas expressed during their creative processes. Mixed team had higher frequency of organizational processes, indicating coordination and organization challenges due to their diversity. The results of this research show the importance of considering differences in visualization profiles while composing teams of different specializations.
Highlights
The present research examined creative processes during collaborative drawing task in teams of different specializations
Based on the converging evidence from protocol and Linkography analyses, we identified the differences in frequency and dynamic distribution of distinct creative processes between the different teams specializing in visual art, natural science, humanities, as well as mixed specialization teams
The humanities team had the opposite pattern of dynamic distribution across all Visualization Processes categories from that of visual artists, scientists, or mixed teams
Summary
The present research examined creative processes during collaborative drawing task in teams of different specializations. To discover general patterns emerging in different collaborative design situations, it examined the characteristics of design activities, team interaction processes as well as communication behaviour that supports collaboration during the creative process (Austin, Steele, Macmillan, Kirby, & Spence, 2001; Dong, 2005; Kvan, 2000; Sonnenwald, 1996) It has explored how the characteristics of creative processes (e.g., dynamics of idea development and their interconnectedness) can predict the quality of a creative product (e.g., based on experts’ estimates). The majority of the previous studies on team creativity explored creative collaborative processes of either artists, architects, engineers or scientists (Atman, Chimka, Bursic, & Nachtmann, 1999; Bilda, Costello, & Amitani, 2006; Dunbar, 1999; Hagaman, 1990; Kan & Gero, 2005; Stokols, Hall, Taylor, & Moser, 2008) but did not explicitly compared creative processes in homogeneous and heterogeneous teams composed of individuals with different specializations whose work involve visualization. Visual art and mixed teams’ drawings were evaluated as the highest in artistic quality, science teams were evaluated as the highest in concept clarity, whereas humanities drawings were evaluated as the lowest on both criteria
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