CREATION OF WHEAT CULTIVAR SIBIRSKAYA 21 ADAPTED TO THE WESTERN SIBERIA CONDITIONS

Abstract

The paper presents biological, economic and technological characteristics of the new spring common wheat cultivar Sibirskaya 21. Breeding work on the creation of the cultivar was carried out in Novosibirsk region on chernozem soils of the forest-steppe zone in 2004-2012 preceded by bare fallow. Observations and studies were carried out according to the conventional methods in comparative analysis with the standard cultivar Novosibirskaya 31. Cultivar Sibirskaya 21 was created by a single individual selection from a hybrid population (Novosibirskaya 67 × Udacha) × Sibirskaya 17, obtained as a result of intraspecific hybridization by the Tvel method and the estimation of recombinants in yield, intensity of plant productivity elements, flour-baking qualities of grain and resistance to the fungal pathogens on a provocative background to artificial infection. Cultivar Sibirskaya 21 is a variety of Lutescens. It is a mid-early cultivar, with the growing period of 72-82 days. Plant height is 95-105 cm. The average yield in fallow over the years of competitive variety testing amounted to 3.27 t/ha, which is 0.57 t/ha higher than the standard. The maximum yield was 6 t/ha. The cultivar is characterized by high drought resistance. In the highly arid year 2012, the yield was 1.97 t/ha, which is higher than the standard by 0.59 t/ha. Baking qualities of grain are average. The weight of 1000 grains is 29.0-37.0 g. The nature of the grain is 750-800 g/l. The content of crude gluten is 28.0 – 36.0%. The volume output of bread is 500-640 cm3/100 g. The total baking score is 3.7-4.2 points. The cultivar is resistant to covered and loose smut, slightly susceptible to powdery mildew, and moderately susceptible to leaf brown rust. The cultivar is included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements for the West Siberian region. It is recommended for cultivation in different areas of the Altai territory, Novosibirsk and Omsk regions.