Economic and biological characteristics of soft winter wheat variety Krasnoobskaya ozimay

Abstract

One of the main tasks of modern breeding is to create the varieties that are resistant to negative environmental factors giving consistently high yields in a changing climate. Since 2021, the variety of soft winter wheat Krasnobskaya оzimaya, created by recombination breeding, has been included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements. Its pedigree includes, along with wheat varieties, triticum-agropyrum hybrid and triticale. This variety was evaluated for its economically valuable traits and properties. The studies were carried out in 2015–2022 in the Novosibirsk region. Novosibirskaya 40 was the standard, Novosibirskaya 3 was the control. Krasnobskaya оzimaya variety is recommended for cultivation in the forest-steppe zone of the West Siberian region. It is medium maturing, has rather high winter hardiness (60.0%) and resistance to lodging (4.1 to 4.7 points) with plant height up to 101 cm. The weight of 1000 grains averages 37.9 g. The variety has a high coefficient of productive tillering (5.3 pcs.). Over the years of the study, the average yield of the variety was 5.03 t/ha. On average, according to the results of the tests in the state variety test plots of the Novosibirsk region the yield amounted to 4.34 t/ha, the maximum yield was observed at the Maslyaninsky variety test plot – 4.9 t/ha, which is 1.14 t/ha higher than the standard. According to the results of the ecological test, the yield exceeded the varieties Novosibirskaya 40 and Novosibirskaya 3 by 0.74 and 0.41 t/ha, respectively, winter hardiness was at the level of the standards. High and stable yield of this variety is formed due to a number of economically valuable features: productive bushiness, weight of 1000 grains, resistance to lodging, winter hardiness. According to the results of the study, it was determined that the optimal sowing date of the Krasnobskaya оzimaya variety is September 1 with a shift of 1–3 days in both directions.