Creation of source breeding material of oat with high bioenergy indicators and variety ‘Denka’ on its basis

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to create a source breeding material and a variety of oat with high productivity, resistance to fungal diseases and high energy performance.
 Research methods. Field, laboratory, analytical and statistical.
 Results. When creating a new source breeding of oat, we used an individual offspring of hybrid material obtained as a result of long-term hybridization. According to the results of studies of five oat lines, breeding numbers of 12–5, 437–99, and 570–6 were selected, which have high grain yield of 5.3–6.4 t/ha, oil content of 4.2–6.1%, protein content of 10.7–15.6% and estimated energy yield from 243.6 / 1023.1 to 349.7 / 1469.0 kcal/kJ. The affection of the oat sowing lines by flying smut averaged 8–9 points and the crown rust 7–9 points. Line 12–5 had an average yield of 6.30 t/ha, which exceeded the average group standard by plant height by 4 cm, shorter vegetation period by 13 days, resistance to smut by 2 points, to rust by 1 point, lodging and shedding of grain by 0.5–1.5 points, low husk share of 23.1%, weight of 1000 grains 35.2 g under contrasting weather conditions. The line of oat ‘Denka was transferred to the State Scientific and Technical Expertise, where it was found that the growing season averaged 92 days, plant height 81–90 cm, resistance to lodging 8.5 points, high resistance to fungal diseases (8.5–9.0 points) and drought (9 points), grain yield was 4.31 (Polissia) and 4.80 t/ha (Forest-Steppe), respectively that by 0.99 and 1.25 t/ha exceeded the average yield of varieties.
 Conclusions. The lines of oat by plant height, panicle length, 1000 grains weight, grain nature, resistance to fungal diseases, productivity, quality, energy value were created. The ‘Denka’ oat cultivar had an average yield of 4.31 (Polissia) and 4.80 t/ha (ForestSteppe), which, respectively, exceeded the average yield of the varieties resistant to flying smut by 0.99 and 1.25 t/ha, respectively. The variety is listed in the Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine Suitable for Distribution in the Forest-Steppe and Polissia since 2018.