Abstract
The object of research is the methods of purification of iron-containing wastewater from etching operations, the subject of the study is spent technological solutions of etching and wastewater from the operations of washing enterprises of hardware products. Spent etching solutions are characterized as highly concentrated solutions, and wash water belongs to the category of concentrated solutions containing toxic impurities: heavy metal ions, acids, surfactants. The main problem in the etching area is the processing of used etching solutions. The most progressive creation of combined systems in which the bulk of wastewater is treated in centralized systems with partial return of water to the production process. With such wastewater treatment, the problem arises of reducing the total concentration of iron to less than 1 mg/l. That is why, in accordance with the requirements of environmental legislation on nature management, there is a need for deep additional treatment of such wastewater. The study used the methods of potentiometric titration and chemical deposition, as well as the method of photometric determination. Magnetic cleaning was studied in an experimental magnetic deposition apparatus. The paper presents the results of studies evaluating methods for purifying iron-containing wastewater from etching operations. Improvement is achieved by the creation of technological combined schemes for the purification of iron-containing wastewater, including a magnetic device as an auxiliary element. At the same time, the main volume of wastewater is treated in centralized systems with a partial return of water to the production process. Waste solutions from etching operations are subject to regeneration with return to the production process and partial dosage into the main wastewater stream from washing operations. Deep purification from iron-containing impurities using a magnetic device expands the possibilities of practical implementation of reverse osmosis to obtain «clean» water in centralized systems. This water is applicable for the preparation of process solutions and mixed with industrial water for flushing operations.
Highlights
IntroductionEtching of steel surfaces involves processing them with acid solutions (HCl, H2SO4) at an elevated temperature, resulting in the formation of liquid iron-containing waste – wastewater (WW):
Etching of steel surfaces involves processing them with acid solutions (HCl, H2SO4) at an elevated temperature, resulting in the formation of liquid iron-containing waste – wastewater (WW):– spent etching solutions (SES), characterized as highly concentrated solutions; – rinsing water (RW) belonging to the category of concentrated solutions
The most progressive creation of combined systems in which the bulk of wastewater is treated in centralized systems with partial return of water to the production process
Summary
Etching of steel surfaces involves processing them with acid solutions (HCl, H2SO4) at an elevated temperature, resulting in the formation of liquid iron-containing waste – wastewater (WW):. SESs are subject to disposal [3] or regeneration [4] with partial return of chemical reagents to the production process and partially dosed into the WW stream from washing operations. With such wastewater treatment, the problem arises of reducing the total iron concentration to less than 1 mg/l. Since a significant part of iron-containing impurities are characterized by magnetically susceptible properties, the introduction of magnetic devices is promising for the purpose of deep purification of wastewater from such impurities. The magnetic device contains a cylindrical body with a filter nozzle, a solenoid, and a system of electrodes located in it. The filtering attachment can be made of metallized barium titanate, and the insulating coating of the inner surface of the body is made of fluoroplastic [6]
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